Elettaria cardamomum (fruit) - Revision history

Admin: /* correct mountain rose herbs URL */

2018-10-12T14:23:00Z

‎correct mountain rose herbs URL

Staffer: Botanical Voucher Kew added

2014-08-19T01:31:25Z

Botanical Voucher Kew added

Admin: add askbox

2014-06-02T19:15:17Z

add askbox

Admin at 19:49, 25 April 2014

2014-04-25T19:49:57Z

Admin: new template

2014-03-17T18:41:36Z

new template

Admin at 18:40, 17 March 2014

2014-03-17T18:40:15Z

Staffer: Titles corrected, Sources added

2014-03-15T23:05:04Z

Titles corrected, Sources added

Staffer: Nomenclature updated

2014-03-13T23:07:54Z

Nomenclature updated

Admin: /* information from USD 1918 */

2013-12-13T21:40:50Z

‎information from USD 1918

JKim: added spaces between Lane # and Volume in "Lanes" template.

2012-10-19T23:13:43Z

added spaces between Lane # and Volume in "Lanes" template.

@@ Line 60: / Line 60: @@
 {{Media |cat=Macroscopy | source=Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs
               | companyimage=Mrh logo.jpg
-              | companyURL=http://www.Mountain Rose Herbs.com
+              | companyURL=http://www.MountainRoseHerbs.com
               | description=Cardamom (fruit) (''Elettaria cardamomum'')
               | mainimage=Elettaria_cardamomum_Fruits_2.JPG

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 |aka=Mysore cardamom
 |notes= }}
 =Organoleptic Characteristics=

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:15, 2 June 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Elettaria cardamomum'' (fruit) }}	+	{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Elettaria cardamomum'' (fruit) }} {{askbox\|herb=''Elettaria cardamomum''}}
	=Nomenclature=		=Nomenclature=

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 {| border=1
+|
-{{Macroscopy | source=Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs
+{{Organolepsy | source=Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs
               | companyimage=Mrh logo.jpg
               | companyURL=http://www.mountainroseherbs.com
@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
              | aroma=Aromatic when crushed.}}
-{{Macroscopy| source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
+{{Organolepsy | source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
              | description=Cardamom (fruit) (''Elettaria cardamomum'' W. et. M., Scitaminaceae)
              | color=Light brown.
@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
              | scent=Aromatic, spicy, somewhat camphoraceous. }}
-{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
+{{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 | description=''Elettaria cardamomum'' ... odor aromatic; taste aromatic, pungent. [...]
 Aromatic odor; taste agreeably warm and aromatic.}}

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 =Organoleptic Characteristics=
 {{Macroscopy | source=Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs
               | companyimage=Mrh logo.jpg
@@ Line 29: / Line 31: @@
 | description=''Elettaria cardamomum'' ... odor aromatic; taste aromatic, pungent. [...]
 Aromatic odor; taste agreeably warm and aromatic.}}
+|}
 =Macroscopic Characteristics=
 {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 | description=''Elettaria cardamomum''
@@ Line 50: / Line 54: @@
               | caption1=Cardamom Whole Fruit
              | characteristics=Fruit a capsule, light to medium green, elliptical, triangular, striated. Seeds oblong-ovoid, irregularly angular, rugose, brown to dark brown adhering to a colorless membranous aril.             | }}
+|}
 =Microscopic Characteristics=
 {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 | description=[''Elettaria cardamomum''] powder is greenish-brown; consisting chiefly of coarse angular fragments of cells of the reserve layers and seed-coat; cells of endosperm and perisperm filled with compound starch grains, the individual grains from 0.001 to 0.004 mm. in diameter; fragments of seed with dark brown stone cells, which are polygonal in surface view and about 0.02 mm. in diameter; in mounts made with hydrated chloral T.S. single prisms or crystals in rosette aggregates may separate in the cells of the endosperm and perisperm; fragments of spiral tracheae with accompanying slightly lignified bast-fibers relatively few. [...] The powdered seeds exhibit abundant, minute, angular starch grains, often compacted into masses; but no spiral vessels, sclerenchymatous fibres, or strongly elongated selerenehymatous cells (absence of pericarps).}}
@@ Line 81: / Line 87: @@
               | characteristics=Epidermal cells of pericarp, thin-walled; prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate.
               | }}
+|}
 =High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
 {{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 |aka=Mysore cardamom
 |notes= }}
 =Macroscopic Characteristics=
@@ Line 18: / Line 36: @@
 The cardamom plant has a tuberous horizontal rhizome, sending up from eight to twenty erect, simple, smooth, green and shining, perennial stems, which rise from six to twelve feet in height, and bear alternate elliptical-lanceolate sheathing leaves. The flower-stalk proceeds from the base of the stem, and lies upon the ground, with the flowers arranged in a panicle. The fruit is a three-celled capsule, containing many seeds; during drying it is said to lose three-fourths of its weight.
-"Mostly agglutinated in groups of from 2 to 7, the individual seeds, oblong-ovoid in outline, 3- or irregularly 4-sided, convex on the dorsal surface, strongly longitudinally grooved on one side, from 3 to 4 mm. in length; externally reddish-gray-brown, coarsely tuberculated, and with more or less adhering portions of the membranous aril; in section showing a thin reddish-brown seed-coat, a large white perisperm and a central, greenish endosperm enclosing a small straight embryo; odor aromatic; taste aromatic, pungent. The powder is greenish-brown; consisting chiefly of coarse angular fragments of cells of the reserve layers and seed-coat; cells of endosperm and perisperm filled with compound starch grains, the individual grains from 0.001 to 0.004 mm. in diameter; fragments of seed with dark brown stone cells, which are polygonal in surface view and about 0.02 mm. in diameter; in mounts made with hydrated chloral T.S. single prisms or crystals in rosette aggregates may separate in the cells of the endosperm and perisperm; fragments of spiral tracheae with accompanying slightly lignified bast-fibers relatively few." U.S.
+"Mostly agglutinated in groups of from 2 to 7, the individual seeds, oblong-ovoid in outline, 3- or irregularly 4-sided, convex on the dorsal surface, strongly longitudinally grooved on one side, from 3 to 4 mm. in length; externally reddish-gray-brown, coarsely tuberculated, and with more or less adhering portions of the membranous aril; in section showing a thin reddish-brown seed-coat, a large white perisperm and a central, greenish endosperm enclosing a small straight embryo. [...]
 "Fruits from one to two centimetres long, ovoid or oblong, bluntly triangular in section, shortly beaked at the apex, pale buff in color, plump and nearly smooth or with slight longitudinal striations. Seeds dark reddish-brown, about three millimetres in length and the same in
-breadth and thickness, irregularly angular, transversely wrinkled, and enclosed in a thin, colorless, membranous aril. The powdered Seeds exhibit abundant, minute, angular starch grains, often compacted into masses; but no spiral vessels, sclerenchymatous fibres, or strongly elongated selerenehymatous cells (absence of pericarps). Aromatic odor; taste agreeably warm and aromatic." Br.
+breadth and thickness, irregularly angular, transversely wrinkled, and enclosed in a thin, colorless, membranous aril."
 }}
-{{Macroscopy | source=Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs
+{{Media |cat=Macroscopy | source=Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs
               | companyimage=Mrh logo.jpg
               | companyURL=http://www.Mountain Rose Herbs.com
               | description=Cardamom (fruit) (''Elettaria cardamomum'')
               | mainimage=Elettaria_cardamomum_Fruits_2.JPG
               | caption1=Cardamom Whole Fruit
-            | flavor=Aromatic, pungent.
+             | characteristics=Fruit a capsule, light to medium green, elliptical, triangular, striated. Seeds oblong-ovoid, irregularly angular, rugose, brown to dark brown adhering to a colorless membranous aril.             | }}
-            | aroma=Aromatic when crushed.
-             | characteristics=Fruit a capsule, light to medium green, elliptical, triangular, striated. Seeds oblong-ovoid,        irregularly angular, rugose, brown to dark brown adhering to a colorless membranous aril.             | }}
 =Microscopic Characteristics=
 {{Microscopy | source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
              | description=Cardamom (fruit) (''Elettaria cardamomum'' W. et. M., Scitaminaceae)
              | characteristics=Epidermal cells of pericarp of polygonal cells; parenchyma cells of pericarp thin walled containing prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate; endosperm cells containing oil, minute starch granules and proteid granules.
 Ceylon cardamom is distinguished from the Malabar cardamom by the presence in the former of thick walled, conical, simple trichromes.
@@ Line 50: / Line 63: @@
              | }}
-{{Microscopy | source=Amy Brush, Traditional Medicinals
+{{Media3 |cat=Microscopy | source=Amy Brush, Traditional Medicinals
               | companyimage=TMLogoK832X75.jpg
               | companyURL=http://www.traditionalmedicinals.com
@@ Line 56: / Line 69: @@
               | mainimage=Cardamom_seed_coat,_200X.jpg
               | caption1=Cardamom seed coat, 200x in glycerin:dionized water
               | image2=Cardamom_seed_coat_II,_200x.jpg
               | caption2=Cardamom seed coat II, 200x in glycerin:dionized water
               | image3=Cardamom_ca_oxalate_in_perisperm,_200x.jpg
               | caption3=Cardamom ca oxalate in perisperm, 200x in glycerin:dionized water

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 =Nomenclature=
@@ Line 11: / Line 12: @@
 |notes= }}
-=Macroscopic Entries=
+=Macroscopic Characteristics=
 {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 | description=''Elettaria cardamomum''
@@ Line 36: / Line 37: @@
              | characteristics=Fruit a capsule, light to medium green, elliptical, triangular, striated. Seeds oblong-ovoid,        irregularly angular, rugose, brown to dark brown adhering to a colorless membranous aril.             | }}
-=Microscopic Entries=
+=Microscopic Characteristics=
 {{Microscopy | source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
@@ Line 62: / Line 63: @@
               | }}
-=HPTLC Entries=
+=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
 {{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
               | description=Cardamom (seed) (''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton)
@@ Line 77: / Line 78: @@
               | }}
-=Other Points of Interest=
+=Supplementary Information=

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:07, 13 March 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	=~~Introduction~~=	+	=Nomenclature=
		+
		+	{{nomenclature \| binomial=Elettaria cardamomum
		+	\|authority=(L.) Maton var. cardamomum
		+	\|family=Zingiberaceae
		+	\|scn=cardamom
		+	\|syn=''Amomum cardamomum'' L.; ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. var. miniscula Burkill; ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. var. minus Watt
		+	\|ayurvedic=ela
		+	\|pinyin=
		+	\|aka=Mysore cardamom
		+	\|notes= }}

	=Macroscopic Entries=		=Macroscopic Entries=

@@ Line 60: / Line 60: @@
               | prep=0.5g+5ml dichloromethane, sonicate/centrifuge/decant, evaporate to dryness with N2, qs with 1.0 ml Toluene
               | detection=Vanillin/H2SO4 Reagent -> 110° C 5 min -> UV 365 nm
-              | lanes=Lane 1 (1μl) Linalool ~0.1% in methanol; Lane 2(2μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-1 (seed)(Guatemala); Lane 3(2μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-2 (seed)(Guatemala); Lane 4(2μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-3 (seed), Lane 5(2μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-3 (seed); Lane 6(2μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-4  (seed), Lane 7(1μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-4 (seed; Lane 8 (3μl) Eugenol~0.1% in methanol, these references have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference sources cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA.
+              | lanes=Lane 1 (1 μl) Linalool ~0.1% in methanol; Lane 2 (2 μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-1 (seed)(Guatemala); Lane 3 (2 μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-2 (seed)(Guatemala); Lane 4 (2 μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-3 (seed), Lane 5 (2 μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-3 (seed); Lane 6 (2 μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-4  (seed), Lane 7 (1 μl) ''Elettaria cardamomum'' L. Maton-4 (seed; Lane 8 (3 μl) Eugenol~0.1% in methanol, these references have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference sources cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA.
               | reference=Medicinal Spices, Teuscher, E., 2006, CRC Press or The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India Part I Volume I
               | }}
 =Other Points of Interest=