Illicium verum (fruit) - Revision history

Admin: adjust Planta Med. link to use DOI system

2017-11-08T14:14:30Z

adjust Planta Med. link to use DOI system

Admin: add HPLC method

2015-10-30T14:43:47Z

add HPLC method

Admin: add dna tag

2015-10-30T14:11:01Z

add dna tag

Admin: add starr voucher specimen

2015-07-21T15:58:43Z

add starr voucher specimen

Admin: correct formatting

2015-03-17T18:57:25Z

correct formatting

Admin: correct formatting

2015-03-17T18:56:40Z

correct formatting

Admin: correct formatting

2015-03-17T18:56:10Z

correct formatting

Admin: add USD 1918 information (organoleptic and microscopic)

2015-03-17T18:54:30Z

add USD 1918 information (organoleptic and microscopic)

Staffer: Botanical Voucher Kew added

2014-08-19T02:56:03Z

Botanical Voucher Kew added

Admin: add askbox

2014-06-02T20:28:37Z

add askbox

@@ Line 188: / Line 188: @@
 ====DNA====
 [[Category:DNA]]
-Multiple genetic methods are available to both identify and quantify the presence and abundance of ''Illicium'' species in a sample.  DNA sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods have been demonstrated by researchers at the US Department of Agriculture and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research to unambiguously identify and differentiate ''I. verum'' from ''I. anisatum'', as well as to detect mixed samples.<ref>Techen N, Pan Z, Scheffler BE, Khan IA. Detection of ''Illicium anisatum'' as adulterant of ''Illicium verum''. [https://www.thieme-connect.de/ejournals/abstract/plantamedica/doi/10.1055/s-0028-1112219 Planta Med. 2009 Mar;75(4):392-395].</ref> In combination with real-time PCR methods, as described in a recent paper by researchers a forensic laboratory in Japan, quantification of ''Illicium'' species in a mixture is also possible.<ref>Matsuyama S, Nishi K. Genus identification of toxic plant by real-time PCR. [http://www.springerlink.com/content/x6uu571715r20618/ Int J Legal Med. 2011 Mar;125:211-217].</ref>
+Multiple genetic methods are available to both identify and quantify the presence and abundance of ''Illicium'' species in a sample.  DNA sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods have been demonstrated by researchers at the US Department of Agriculture and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research to unambiguously identify and differentiate ''I. verum'' from ''I. anisatum'', as well as to detect mixed samples.<ref>Techen N, Pan Z, Scheffler BE, Khan IA. Detection of ''Illicium anisatum'' as adulterant of ''Illicium verum''. [https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1112219 Planta Med. 2009 Mar;75(4):392-395].</ref> In combination with real-time PCR methods, as described in a recent paper by researchers a forensic laboratory in Japan, quantification of ''Illicium'' species in a mixture is also possible.<ref>Matsuyama S, Nishi K. Genus identification of toxic plant by real-time PCR. [http://www.springerlink.com/content/x6uu571715r20618/ Int J Legal Med. 2011 Mar;125:211-217].</ref>
 ===Other Relevant Sources of Star Anise Information===

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:43, 30 October 2015
Line 179:		Line 179:

	=====HPLC-MS/MS=====		=====HPLC-MS/MS=====
		+	[[Category:HPLC]]
	In response, they developed and validated a fast, selective, and sensitive method that can determine low adulterations of toxic ''Illicium'' species and detect toxic sesquiterpene lactones using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS/MS).<ref>Lederer I, Schulzki G, Gross J, Steffen JP. Combination of TLC and HPLC-MS/MS methods. Approach to a rational quality control of Chinese star anise. [http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf058156b J Agric Food Chem. 2006 Mar 22;54(6):1970-1974].</ref>		In response, they developed and validated a fast, selective, and sensitive method that can determine low adulterations of toxic ''Illicium'' species and detect toxic sesquiterpene lactones using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS/MS).<ref>Lederer I, Schulzki G, Gross J, Steffen JP. Combination of TLC and HPLC-MS/MS methods. Approach to a rational quality control of Chinese star anise. [http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf058156b J Agric Food Chem. 2006 Mar 22;54(6):1970-1974].</ref>

@@ Line 186: / Line 186: @@
 ====DNA====
+[[Category:DNA]]
 Multiple genetic methods are available to both identify and quantify the presence and abundance of ''Illicium'' species in a sample.  DNA sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods have been demonstrated by researchers at the US Department of Agriculture and the University of Mississippi’s National Center for Natural Products Research to unambiguously identify and differentiate ''I. verum'' from ''I. anisatum'', as well as to detect mixed samples.<ref>Techen N, Pan Z, Scheffler BE, Khan IA. Detection of ''Illicium anisatum'' as adulterant of ''Illicium verum''. [https://www.thieme-connect.de/ejournals/abstract/plantamedica/doi/10.1055/s-0028-1112219 Planta Med. 2009 Mar;75(4):392-395].</ref> In combination with real-time PCR methods, as described in a recent paper by researchers a forensic laboratory in Japan, quantification of ''Illicium'' species in a mixture is also possible.<ref>Matsuyama S, Nishi K. Genus identification of toxic plant by real-time PCR. [http://www.springerlink.com/content/x6uu571715r20618/ Int J Legal Med. 2011 Mar;125:211-217].</ref>

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 =Botanical Voucher Specimen=
-{{media |cat=voucher
+{{media2 |cat=voucher
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 | companyURL=http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000681651
 | mainimage=Illicium_verum_Kew_imageBarcode%3DK000681651_315393.jpg
 }}

@@ Line 29: / Line 29: @@
 {{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 | description=[''Illicium verum'' ...] odor and taste is aromatic, resembling anise, and this serves to distinguish them from the fruits of the Japanese star-anise ...}}
+|}
 =Macroscopic Characteristics=
@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
              | characteristics=This sample is representative of ''Illicium verum'' fruit based on authenticated reference samples.
              | }}
+|}
 =Microscopic Characteristics=
 {{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=AHPA Practicals, Alkemist Labs

@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 =Organoleptic Characteristics=
 {{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 | description=[''Illicium verum'' ...] odor and taste is aromatic, resembling anise, and this serves to distinguish them from the fruits of the Japanese star-anise ...}}
 =Macroscopic Characteristics=
 {{Media |cat=Macroscopy | source=AHPA Practicals, Alkemist Labs
              | companyimage=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
@@ Line 39: / Line 47: @@
              | }}
-{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
+}}
-| description=[''Illicium verum'' ...] fruit consists of usually 8 boat-shaped follicles or carpels arranged around a central axis. The carpels have an acute summit and taper to a nearly straight beak; externally, they are reddish-brown and somewhat wrinkled; the inner surface is smooth and shiny and encloses a single smooth seed.}}
-−
 =Microscopic Characteristics=
 {{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=AHPA Practicals, Alkemist Labs

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:56, 19 August 2014
Line 13:		Line 13:

	=Botanical Voucher Specimen=		=Botanical Voucher Specimen=
		+
		+	{{media \|cat=voucher
		+
		+
		+	\| source=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
		+	\| companyimage=Kewlogo.gif
		+	\| companyURL=http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000681651
		+	\| mainimage=Illicium_verum_Kew_imageBarcode%3DK000681651_315393.jpg
		+	}}
		+
		+
	=Organoleptic Characteristics=		=Organoleptic Characteristics=

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Illicium verum'' (fruit) }}
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Illicium verum'' (fruit) }} {{askbox|herb=''Illicium verum''}}
-−
 =Nomenclature=