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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Rosmarinus officinalis'' (leaf) }} {{askbox|herb=''Rosmarinus officinalis''}} =Nomenclature= {{nomenclature | binomial=Rosmarinus officinalis |authority=L. |family=Lamiaceae |scn=rosemary |syn= |ayurvedic= |pinyin= |aka= |notes= }} =Botanical Voucher Specimen= {{Media |cat=Voucher | source=MOBOT, Tropicos.org | mainimage=Rosmarinus_officinalis_Tropicos_100002347_(S).jpg | companyimage=TropicosLogo.gif | companyURL=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100002347 | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Mar 2014 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100002347> | }} =Organoleptic Characteristics= {| border=1 | {{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | description=[''Rosmarinus officinalis'''] leaves ... have a strong balsamic odor, which is possessed, but in a less degree, by all parts of the plant. Their taste is bitter and camphorous. The tops lose a portion of their sensible properties by drying, and become inodorous by age. }} |} =Macroscopic Characteristics= {| border=1 | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | description=Rosemary is a small evergreen shrub, with an erect stem, divided into many long, slender, ash-colored branches. The leaves are numerous, sessile, opposite, about 2.5 cm. long, rigid, linear, entire, obtuse at the summit, folded backward at the edges, of a firm consistence, smooth and green on the upper surface, whitish, woolly, and glandular beneath. The flowers are axillary, pale blue or white.}} {{ Media2 | cat=Macroscopy | source=PlantaPhile | mainimage=PlantaPhile - 1997.jpg | companyimage=PlantaPhile logo.jpg | companyURL=http://plantaphile.com/ | source2=PlantaPhile | image2=PlantaPhile - 2567.jpg | companyimage2=PlantaPhile logo.jpg | companyURL2=http://plantaphile.com/ | }} |} =Microscopic Characteristics= {{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com | mainimage=Rosemary Alkemist Laboratories.jpg | caption1=Branched covering trichomes from the lower surface of the leaf observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | source2=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com | image2=Rosemary-1 Alkemist Laboratories.jpg | caption2=Large glandular scales observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | characteristics=cellular structures identified in this botanical specimen are branched covering trichome from the lower surface of the leaf and the large glandular scales) when observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | reference=British Pharmacopoeia, 2003 | }} =High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= {{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | description=Rosemary (leaf) (''Rosmarinus officinalis'') | companyimage=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com | mainimage=Rosmarinus_officinalis_-_Alkemists_Laboratories.jpg | caption1=''Rosmarinus officinalis'' HPTLC ID - Natural Product Reagent + PEG UV 365 nm | stationaryphase=Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates | mobilephase=toluene: ethyl formate: HCOOH [5/4/1] | prep=0.3g+3mL 80% CH3OH sonicate/heat @ 50°C ~ 1/2 hr | detection=Natural Product Reagent + PEG -> UV 365 nm | lanes= Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample): # 3 μL Rosmarinic Acid ~0.1% in CH3OH # 3 μL ''Rosmarinus officinalis''-1 (leaf) # 3 μL ''Rosmarinus officinalis''-2 (leaf) # 3 μL ''Rosmarinus officinalis''-3 (leaf) # 3 μL ''Rosmarinus officinalis''-3 (leaf) # 3 μL ''Rosmarinus officinalis''-4 (leaf) # 3 μL ''Rosmarinus officinalis''-5 Vouchered Specimen (herb) # 1 μL Caffeic acid, Chlorogenic Acid, Hyperoside, Rutin ~0.1% in CH3OH Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA. | reference=British Pharmacopoeia, 2003 | }} {{HPTLC | source=HPTLC Association | companyimage=HPTLC-assoc-Logo-farbig-Text-schwarz-300x47.png | companyURL=http://www.hptlc-association.org/ | mainimage=Rosmarinus officinalis-hptlc-association.png | caption1=Rosemary (leaf) HPTLC ID - NP and PEG reagent, UV 366 nm | description=Rosemary (leaf) (''Rosmarinus officinalis'') | | stationaryphase=Stationary phase, i.e. Silica gel 60, F254 | mobilephase=Ethyl acetate, formic acid, water 15:1:1 (v/v/v) | prep=Sample: Mix 1 g of powdered sample with 10 mL of methanol and sonicate for 10 minutes, then centrifuge or filter the solutions and use the supernatants / filtrates as test solutions. Derivatization reagent: 1.) NP reagent Preparation: 1 g of natural products reagent in 200 mL of ethyl acetate 2.) PEG reagent Preparation: 10 g of polyethylene glycol 400 in 200 mL of dichloromethane Use: Heat plate 3 min at 100°C, then dip (time 0, speed 5) in NP reagent, dry and dip (time 0, speed 5) in PEG reagent | detection=Saturated chamber; developing distance 70 mm from lower edge; relative humidity 33% | referencesamples=Reference: Dissolve 5 mg of rosmarinic acid in 10 mL of methanol. Dissolve 6 mg of caffeic acid in 10 mL of methanol. | | lanes=Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample): # 4 µL Rosemary leaf # '''8 µL Rosemary leaf''' # 16 µL Rosemary leaf # 1 µL Rosemary leaf 1 (Ph. Eur extract.) # 2 µL Rosemary leaf 1 (Ph. Eur extract.) # 4 µL Rosemary leaf 1 (Ph. Eur extract.) # 2 µL Rosmarinic acid # 2 µL Caffeic acid # 8 µL Oregano leaf (old sample) # 8 µL Rosemary leaf 2 # 8 µL Rosemary leaf 3 # 8 µL Thyme leaf # 8 µL Holy basil leaf # 8 µL Sweet basil leaf # 8 µL Marjoram leaf | notes=''Images presented in this entry are examples and are not intended to be used as basis for setting specifications for quality control purposes.'' System suitability test: Rosmarinic acid: light blue fluorescent zone at Rf ~ 0.73. Caffeic acid: light blue fluorescent zone at Rf ~ 0.76. Identification: Compare result with reference images. The fingerprint of the test solution is similar to that of the corresponding botanical reference sample. Additional weak zones may be present. The chromatogram of the test solution shows a red zone right below the solvent front. At the position of reference substance rosmarinic acid an intense light blue zone is seen. A green zone is detected at Rf ~ 0.50 (blue arrow). Below this zone there is a pattern of characteristically colored zones of low intensity (pink arrow). An intense orange zone is detected at Rf ~ 0.21 (yellow arrow). Test for other species: There are no two orange zones at Rf ~ 0.27 and 0.20 (red arrows, Oregano leaf or Thyme leaf). No light blue zone is seen at Rf ~ 0.32 (white arrow, Holy basil leaf). No orange zone is seen at Rf ~ 0.27 and no zone is seen at Rf ~ 0.63 (green arrows, Sweet basil leaf). | }} =Supplementary Information= =Sources= <references />

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