Echinacea angustifolia (root)

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=Introduction=
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Echinacea angustifolia'' (root)}}
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=Macroscopic Entries=
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=Botanical Voucher Specimen=
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| {{botimg |mainimage= Echinacea angustifolia (1) DG3502NSF A1393.jpg
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          |source= Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com}}
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| {{botimg |mainimage= Echinacea angustifolia (2) DG3502NSF A0102.jpg
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          |source= Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com}}
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=Organoleptic Characteristics=
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=Macroscopic Descriptions=
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{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 
{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 
| description=The root is described as nearly entire, cylindrical,
 
| description=The root is described as nearly entire, cylindrical,
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faint, aromatic; taste sweetish, followed by a tingling sensation suggesting aconite,
 
faint, aromatic; taste sweetish, followed by a tingling sensation suggesting aconite,
 
but lacking the persistent and benumbing effect produced by that drug.}}
 
but lacking the persistent and benumbing effect produced by that drug.}}
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{{Macroscopy | source=Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories
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=Microscopic Characteristics=
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            | mainimage=Echinacea angustifolia (1) DG3502NSF A1393.jpg
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            | caption1=''Echinacea angustifolia'' Botanical Voucher Specimen (1/2)- Alkemists Laboratories
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            | description=''Echinacea angustifolia'' Botanical Voucher Specimen
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            | image2=Echinacea angustifolia (2) DG3502NSF A0102.jpg
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            | caption2=''Echinacea angustifolia'' Botanical Voucher Specimen (2/2) - Alkemists Laboratories }}
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=Microscopic Entries=
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{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
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| description=Under the
 
| description=Under the
 
microscope, sections show the presence of intercellular (schizogenous) oil and resin
 
microscope, sections show the presence of intercellular (schizogenous) oil and resin
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some specimens true libriform or wood fibers are found.}}
 
some specimens true libriform or wood fibers are found.}}
  
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{{Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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            | mainimage=Echinacea_angustifolia_DC._-Asteraceae--1.jpg
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            | caption1=Fibers showing black phtymelanin of ''Echinacea angustifolia'' root viewed under 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Solution.
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            | description= Narrow-leaf Echinacea (root) (''Echinacea angustifolia'')
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            | image2=Echinacea_angustifolia_DC._-Asteraceae--2.jpg
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          |caption1= Fibers showing black phtymelanin of ''Echinacea angustifolia'' root viewed under 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Solution.
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            | caption2=Oleoresin found in ''Echinacea angustifolia'' root viewed under 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Solution.
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            | reference=American Herbal Pharmacopoeia & Therapeutic Compendium
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          |source= Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com}}
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            | }}
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| {{botimg |mainimage= Echinacea_angustifolia_DC._-Asteraceae--2.jpg
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          |caption1= Oleoresin found in ''Echinacea angustifolia'' root viewed under 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Solution.
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          |source= Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com}}
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=HPTLC Entries=
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=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
 
{{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
 
{{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
 
             | description=Narrow-leaf Echinacea (root) (''Echinacea angustifolia'')
 
             | description=Narrow-leaf Echinacea (root) (''Echinacea angustifolia'')
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=Other Points of Interest=
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<references />

Revision as of 15:50, 14 February 2014

Contents

Nomenclature

Botanical Voucher Specimen

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Echinacea angustifolia (1) DG3502NSF A1393.jpg
Source: Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com [1]

Echinacea angustifolia (2) DG3502NSF A0102.jpg
Source: Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com [2]

Organoleptic Characteristics

Macroscopic Descriptions

The root is described as nearly entire, cylindrical,

very slightly tapering and sometimes slightly spirally twisted, from 10 to 20 cm. in length and from 4 to 13 mm. in diameter, externally grayish-brown, light brown or purplish-brown, slightly annulate in the upper portion, with occasional V-shaped stem scars, somewhat longitudinally wrinkled, or furrowed; fracture short, fibrous, bark less than 1 mm. in thickness, wood thick and composed of alternate light yellowish and black wedges; the rhizome with a circular pith. Odor faint, aromatic; taste sweetish, followed by a tingling sensation suggesting aconite, but lacking the persistent and benumbing effect produced by that drug.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [3]

Microscopic Characteristics

Under the

microscope, sections show the presence of intercellular (schizogenous) oil and resin cavities or reservoirs in both the wood and bark, numerous stone cells distinguished by the presence of a blackish, resinous substance in the intercellular spaces between them and some of the adjoining parenchyma, the latter containing masses or aggregates of inulin. The walls of the tracheae or vessels are marked with simple slitlike pores or annular and reticulate thickenings; bast fibers occur in the stem, and in some specimens true libriform or wood fibers are found.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [4]


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Echinacea angustifolia DC. -Asteraceae--1.jpg
Fibers showing black phtymelanin of Echinacea angustifolia root viewed under 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com [5]

Echinacea angustifolia DC. -Asteraceae--2.jpg
Oleoresin found in Echinacea angustifolia root viewed under 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com [6]

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

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Echinacea angustifolia HPTLC ID - Natural Product Reagent + PEG UV 365 nm

Narrow-leaf Echinacea (root) (Echinacea angustifolia)

Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):

  1. 3 μL Echinacoside, Cynarin ~0.1% in Methanol
  2. 3 μL Echinacea angustifolia-1 (herb)
  3. 3 μL Echinacea angustifolia-2 (herb)
  4. 3 μL Echinacea angustifolia-3 (herb)
  5. 3 μL Echinacea angustifolia-3 (herb)
  6. 3 μL Echinacea angustifolia-4 (herb)
  7. 3 μL Echinacea angustifolia-5 (herb)
  8. 3 μL Caftaric Acid, Cichoric Acid ~0.1% in Methanol

Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA. 

Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates 

Mobile Phase ethyl acetate: MEK methylethyl ketone: HCOOH: H2O [5/3/1/1] 

Sample Preparation Method 0.3 g + 3 ml CH3OH sonicate 10 min NO HEAT 

Detection Method Natural Product Reagent + PEG -> UV 365 nm 

Reference see American Herbal Pharmacopoeia & Therapeutic Compendium


Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories [7]

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  2. ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  3. ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
  4. ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
  5. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  6. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  7. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
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