Ginkgo biloba (leaf)
Ginkgo (leaf) (Ginkgo biloba)
General Characteristics Macroscopic specification: The leaf is greyish or yellowish-green or yellowish-brown. The upper surface is slightly darker than the lower surface. The petioles are about 4-9 cm long. The lamina is about 4-10 cm wide, fan-shaped, usually bilobate or sometimes undivided. Both surfaces are smooth, and the venation dichotomous, the veins appearing to radiate from the base; they are equally prominent on both surfaces. The distal margin is incised, irregularly and to different degrees, and irregularly lobate or emarginate. The lateral margins are entire and taper towards the base.
Microscopic specification: The powder is grayish or yellowish-green or yellowish-brown and shows the following diagnostic characters (Figure 1828.-1): irregularly-shaped fragments of the lamina [A, B, D, E], with the upper epidermis, in surface view (D) and transverse section (E), consisting of elongated cells with irregularly sinuous walls [Da], often accompanied by palisade parenchyma [Db], and the lower epidermis, in surface view (A) and transverse section (B), consisting of small cells, with a finely striated cuticuleand each cellshortly papillose [Aa], and stomata[Ab] about 60 µm wide, deeply sunken with 6-8 subsidiary cells; fragments of vascular tissue from the petiole and veins [C] with xylem [Ca] and parenchyma, some cells containing abundant cluster crystals of calcium oxalate of various sizes [Cb].
Source: European Pharmacopoeia [1]
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Ginkgo (leaf extract) (Ginkgo biloba) standardized to flavonol glycosides and terpenes.
General Characteristics AHPA recommends in its Known Adulterants list that appropriate steps be taken to assure that this raw material is free of the noted adulterant. Contact AHPA for additional information regarding relevant analytical methods or follow this link for more information.
Reported Adulterants Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) leaf extract with added flavonol glycosides or aglycones (e.g., rutin, quercetin, etc.).
Source: AHPA Known Adulterants [3]
Ginkgo biloba (leaf)
Source: Information Request [4]
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