Acacia senegal (gum)

From AHPA Botanical Identity References Compendium
(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
m
Line 9: Line 9:
 
=Botanical Voucher Specimen=
 
=Botanical Voucher Specimen=
 
=Organoleptic Characteristics=
 
=Organoleptic Characteristics=
 +
{{Macroscopy | source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
 +
            | description=''Acacia senecal'' dried brittle glassy gummy exudation. AKA Gum Arabic.
 +
            | texture=A meal.  Should not be lumpy or in sticky masses.
 +
            | color=White to nearly snow white.
 +
            | flavor=Mucilaginous taste, sticky.
 +
            | scent=Nearly odorless.}}
 +
 
=Macroscopic Characteristics=
 
=Macroscopic Characteristics=
 
{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 
{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
Line 19: Line 26:
  
 
=Microscopic Characteristics=
 
=Microscopic Characteristics=
 +
{| border=1
 +
|
 
{{Microscopy | source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
 
{{Microscopy | source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
 
             | mainimage=Microanalysis_powdered_vegetable_p_202_google_ver_acacia.png‎
 
             | mainimage=Microanalysis_powdered_vegetable_p_202_google_ver_acacia.png‎
Line 30: Line 39:
 
             | adulterants=India gum is the most common adulterant of gum acacia.  Old gum acacia turns yellowish amber color and increases in brittleness. The impurities are generally negligable and should not exceed 1 per cent.
 
             | adulterants=India gum is the most common adulterant of gum acacia.  Old gum acacia turns yellowish amber color and increases in brittleness. The impurities are generally negligable and should not exceed 1 per cent.
 
             | }}
 
             | }}
 +
 +
{{Media |cat=Microscopy
 +
| source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
 +
            | mainimage=Microanalysis_powdered_vegetable_p_202_google_ver_acacia.png‎ }}
 +
|}
 
=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
 
=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
 
=Supplementary Information=
 
=Supplementary Information=
 
=Sources=
 
=Sources=
 
<references />
 
<references />

Revision as of 00:21, 16 March 2014

Contents

Nomenclature

Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.   Fabaceae  
Standardized common name (English): gum arabic tree

Botanical Voucher Specimen

Organoleptic Characteristics

Acacia senecal dried brittle glassy gummy exudation. AKA Gum Arabic. 

Texture A meal. Should not be lumpy or in sticky masses. 

Color White to nearly snow white. 

Scent Nearly odorless. 

Flavor Mucilaginous taste, sticky.

Source: Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed. [1]

Macroscopic Characteristics

The most important of the gum-yielding Acacias is the official A. Senegal Willd.

This is a small tree rarely exceeding a height of 6 m., with a grayish bark, the inner layers of which are strongly fibrous, bipinnate leaves, dense spikes of small yellow flowers longer than the leaves, and broad pods containing 5 or 6 seeds.

The gum of the acacias exudes spontaneously from the bark, and hardens on exposure; but incisions are sometimes made in order to facilitate the exudation. The gum is said also to be found immediately under the bark, where it is sometimes collected in regular cavities. It is formed within the plant by metamorphosis of the cells of the inner bark. The tissues involved are chiefly those of the sieve and the cambiform cells.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [2]

Microscopic Characteristics

Acacia senecal dried brittle glassy gummy exudation. AKA Gum Arabic.Shows no structure under the microscope. Reduce some of the gum to fine powder and dissolve about five grams in 10 parts water; centrifuge for a short time and examine the sediment for impurities which are usually present, consisting of trace of starch, some dirt and bits of vegetable tissue.

Source: Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed. [3]
Microanalysis powdered vegetable p 202 google ver acacia.png


Microanalysis powdered vegetable p 202 google ver acacia.png
Source: Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.[4]

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. ↑ Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
  2. ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
  3. ↑ Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
  4. ↑ Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
Retrieved from "http://www.botanicalauthentication.org/index.php?title=Acacia_senegal_(gum)&oldid=5245"
MediaWiki Appliance - Powered by TurnKey Linux