Agathosma betulina (leaf)

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=Introduction=
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:'' Agathosma betulina '' (leaf) }} {{askbox|herb=''Agathosma betulina''}}
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=Macroscopic Entries=
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=Nomenclature=
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=Microscopic Entries=
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{{nomenclature | binomial=Agathosma betulina
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|authority=(P.J. Bergius) Pillans
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=Other Points of Interest=
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|family=Rutaceae
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|scn=buchu
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|syn=''Barosma betulina'' (Bergius) Bartl. & H.L. Wendl.
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|ayurvedic=
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|pinyin=
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|aka=round buchu; short buchu
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|notes= }}
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=Botanical Voucher Specimen=
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=Organoleptic Characteristics=
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{{Organolepsy | source=Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
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| description=Odor and taste characteristic, aromatic, mint-like.
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=Macroscopic Characteristics=
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{{Macroscopy | source=Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
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| description='''Plants:''' Woody shrubs, 0.3-1.2 M. (1-4°) high, branches many, stiff, angular, bark smooth, purple; young twigs covered with immersed oil-glands; flowers solitary, pink; calyx 5 segments, deeply cut; petals 5, glandular-punctate; stamens 5; fruit 5-coccus capsule, adherent by inner margins, 9 Mm. (3/8') long, 12 Mm. (1/2') broad, 5-seeded.
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'''Leaves:''' (''B. betulina''): Short, rhomboidally oval, obovate, 9-25 Mm. (3/8-1') long, 4-13 Mm. (1/6-1/2') broad, apex obtuse, recurved, serrate, finely dentate, oil gland at the base of each tooth, cuncate base, yellowish-green, coriaceous, glandular-punctate, both surfaces papillose, under longitudinally striate, petiole 1 Mm. (1/25') long.
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=Microscopic Characteristics=
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{| border=1
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{{Macroscopy | source=Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
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| description='''Powder:''' Yellowish-green, microscopically-- many sphaero-crystals from epidermis and mucilage cells.
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{{Media2 | cat=Microscopy |source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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            | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com
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|source2=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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            | companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com
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            | mainimage=Agathosma betulina - Alkemist Laboratories.jpg
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            | caption1=Upper epidermis showing sphaerocrystalline masses of diosmin observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
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            | image2=Agathosma betulina-1 - Alkemist Laboratories.jpg
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            | caption2=Large spherical oil gland observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
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            | reference=Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals, Wichtl, M., 1994
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            | }}
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=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
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=Supplementary Information=
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=Sources=
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<references />

Latest revision as of 18:40, 24 June 2015

AHPA recognizes other valuable resources exist regarding the identity of Agathosma betulina.

To submit a suggestion or contribution, please contact Merle Zimmermann.

Contents

Nomenclature

Agathosma betulina (P.J. Bergius) Pillans   Rutaceae  
Syn. Barosma betulina (Bergius) Bartl. & H.L. Wendl.  
Standardized common name (English): buchu


Botanical Voucher Specimen

Organoleptic Characteristics

Odor and taste characteristic, aromatic, mint-like.

Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed. [1]

Macroscopic Characteristics

Plants: Woody shrubs, 0.3-1.2 M. (1-4°) high, branches many, stiff, angular, bark smooth, purple; young twigs covered with immersed oil-glands; flowers solitary, pink; calyx 5 segments, deeply cut; petals 5, glandular-punctate; stamens 5; fruit 5-coccus capsule, adherent by inner margins, 9 Mm. (3/8') long, 12 Mm. (1/2') broad, 5-seeded.

Leaves: (B. betulina): Short, rhomboidally oval, obovate, 9-25 Mm. (3/8-1') long, 4-13 Mm. (1/6-1/2') broad, apex obtuse, recurved, serrate, finely dentate, oil gland at the base of each tooth, cuncate base, yellowish-green, coriaceous, glandular-punctate, both surfaces papillose, under longitudinally striate, petiole 1 Mm. (1/25') long.

Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed. [2]

Microscopic Characteristics

Powder: Yellowish-green, microscopically-- many sphaero-crystals from epidermis and mucilage cells.

Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed. [3]
bottomright bottomright

Agathosma betulina - Alkemist Laboratories.jpg
Upper epidermis showing sphaerocrystalline masses of diosmin observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[4]

Agathosma betulina-1 - Alkemist Laboratories.jpg
Large spherical oil gland observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[5]

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. ↑ Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
  2. ↑ Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
  3. ↑ Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
  4. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  5. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
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