Allium sativum (bulb)

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=Introduction=
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:'' Allium sativum'' (bulb) }} {{askbox|herb=''Allium sativum''}}
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''Introduction from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allium_sativum, retrieved 02/20/2012).''
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=Nomenclature=
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{{nomenclature | binomial=Allium sativum
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|authority=L.
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|family=Liliaceae
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|scn=garlic
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|syn=
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|aka=
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|notes=}}
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=Botanical Voucher Specimen=
  
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''Allium sativum'', commonly known as garlic, is a species in the onion genus, ''Allium''. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, and rakkyo. Dating back over 6,000 years, garlic is native to central Asia, and has long been a staple in the Mediterranean region, as well as a frequent seasoning in Asia, Africa, and Europe. It was known to Ancient Egyptians, and has been used throughout its history for both culinary and medicinal purposes.
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{{Media2 |cat=Voucher
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| source=MOBOT, Tropicos.org
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            | mainimage=Allium Sativum Tropicos 100007656.jpg
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            | companyimage=TropicosLogo.gif
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            | companyURL=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100007656
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            | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 05 Aug 2013 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100007656>
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| source2=Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories
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            | image2=Allium sativum V20105BMX1 A0658.jpg
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            | companyimage2=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com
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            | }}
  
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''The quoted text in this section was licensed for use under the Creative Commons ShareAlike License, version 3.0: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/''
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=Organoleptic Characteristics=
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=Macroscopic Entries=
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{| border=1
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=Microscopic Entries=
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|
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{{Organolepsy | source=Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
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            | flavor=Warm, acrid
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            | scent=Pungent, alliaceous.}}
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|}
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=Macroscopic Characteristics=
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{| border=1
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|
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{{Macroscopy | source=Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
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| description='''Plants:''' Bulbous plant, .6 M. (2°) high; leaves long, flat, grass-like; flowers small, white, umbels.
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'''Bulb:''' sub-globular, compounded of 8-wedged bulblets, covered by several membranous scales.  Contains volatile oil .25 p.c., mucilage 35 p.c., albumin, sugar, starch, water 60 p.c.}}
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{{ Media2    | cat=Macroscopy
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            | source=PlantaPhile
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            | mainimage=PlantaPhile - 1182.jpg
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            | companyimage=PlantaPhile logo.jpg
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            | companyURL=http://plantaphile.com/
  
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{{Botanical  | source=Information Request
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            | source2=PlantaPhile
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            | image2=PlantaPhile - 295.jpg
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            | companyimage2=PlantaPhile logo.jpg
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            | companyURL2=http://plantaphile.com/
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            | }}
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|}
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=Microscopic Characteristics=
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{{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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            | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com
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            | mainimage=Allium_sativum_L._-Liliaceae-_thin_walled_parenchyma_showing_intercellular_spaces.jpg
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            | caption1=Thin walled parenchyma showing intercellular spaces
 
             | description=Garlic (bulb) (''Allium sativum'')
 
             | description=Garlic (bulb) (''Allium sativum'')
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              }}
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| source2=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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            | companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com
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            | image2=Allium_sativum_L._-Liliaceae-_group_of_spiral_or_annular_vessels_accompanied_by_thin-walled_parenchyma.jpg
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            | caption2=Group of spiral or annular vessels accompanied by thin-walled parenchyma viewed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Solution.
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            | reference=British Pharmacopoeia, 2003
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            | }}
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=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
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=Supplementary Information=
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=Sources=
  
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=HPTLC Entries=
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<references />
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=Other Points of Interest=
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Latest revision as of 19:16, 9 June 2015

AHPA recognizes other valuable resources exist regarding the identity of Allium sativum.

To submit a suggestion or contribution, please contact Merle Zimmermann.

Contents

Nomenclature

Allium sativum L.   Liliaceae  
Standardized common name (English): garlic

Botanical Voucher Specimen

bottomright bottomright

Allium Sativum Tropicos 100007656.jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[1]

Allium sativum V20105BMX1 A0658.jpg
Source: Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories[2]

Organoleptic Characteristics



Scent Pungent, alliaceous.
Flavor Warm, acrid

Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed. [3]

Macroscopic Characteristics

Plants: Bulbous plant, .6 M. (2°) high; leaves long, flat, grass-like; flowers small, white, umbels.

Bulb: sub-globular, compounded of 8-wedged bulblets, covered by several membranous scales. Contains volatile oil .25 p.c., mucilage 35 p.c., albumin, sugar, starch, water 60 p.c.

Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed. [4]
bottomright bottomright

PlantaPhile - 1182.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[5]

PlantaPhile - 295.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[6]

Microscopic Characteristics

bottomright bottomright

Allium sativum L. -Liliaceae- thin walled parenchyma showing intercellular spaces.jpg
Thin walled parenchyma showing intercellular spaces
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[7]

Allium sativum L. -Liliaceae- group of spiral or annular vessels accompanied by thin-walled parenchyma.jpg
Group of spiral or annular vessels accompanied by thin-walled parenchyma viewed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[8]

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100007656
  2. ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  3. ↑ Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
  4. ↑ Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
  5. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  6. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  7. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  8. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
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