Althaea officinalis (root)
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=Botanical Voucher Specimen= | =Botanical Voucher Specimen= | ||
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=Organoleptic Characteristics= | =Organoleptic Characteristics= | ||
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=Macroscopic Characteristics= | =Macroscopic Characteristics= | ||
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{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
| − | | description="''Althaea officinalis'' is an herbaceous perennial, | + | | description="''Althaea officinalis'' is an herbaceous perennial, with a perpendicular branching root and erect woolly stems, from two to four feet or more in height, branched and leafy towards the summit. |
| − | with a perpendicular branching root and erect woolly stems, from two to four feet or more in height, branched and leafy towards the summit. | + | |
The flowers are terminal and axillary, with short peduncles, each bearing one, two, or three flowers. | The flowers are terminal and axillary, with short peduncles, each bearing one, two, or three flowers. | ||
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The corolla has five spreading, obcordate petals, of a pale rose color. The | The corolla has five spreading, obcordate petals, of a pale rose color. The | ||
fruit consists of numerous capsules united in a compact circular form, | fruit consists of numerous capsules united in a compact circular form, | ||
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"''Althaea'' is usually cut into small pieces about 5 mm. in diameter, of a uniform grayish-white color and otherwise having the characters of entire roots; occasionally entire, slenderly tapering, attaining a length of 30 cm. and a thickness of 2 cm., externally whitish, longitudinally furrowed, frequently spirally twisted and covered with the somewhat loosened bast-fibers; fracture of bark fibrous, of wood short and granular; internally yellowish-white; bark 1 to 2 mm. thick, porous, due to mucilage cells, and separated from the slightly radiating wood by a distinct, grayish cambium zone..." }} | "''Althaea'' is usually cut into small pieces about 5 mm. in diameter, of a uniform grayish-white color and otherwise having the characters of entire roots; occasionally entire, slenderly tapering, attaining a length of 30 cm. and a thickness of 2 cm., externally whitish, longitudinally furrowed, frequently spirally twisted and covered with the somewhat loosened bast-fibers; fracture of bark fibrous, of wood short and granular; internally yellowish-white; bark 1 to 2 mm. thick, porous, due to mucilage cells, and separated from the slightly radiating wood by a distinct, grayish cambium zone..." }} | ||
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| + | {{Media2 |cat=Macroscopy | source=MOBOT, Tropicos.org | ||
| + | | source2=MOBOT, Tropicos.org | ||
| + | | mainimage=Althaea officinalis Tropicos 100107288.jpg | ||
| + | | companyimage=TropicosLogo.gif | ||
| + | | companyURL=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100107288 | ||
| + | | companyimage2=TropicosLogo.gif | ||
| + | | companyURL2=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100107287 | ||
| + | | image2=Althaea officinalis Tropicos 1000107287.jpg | ||
| + | | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 06 Aug 2013 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100107288>, Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 06 Aug 2013 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100107287> | ||
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=Microscopic Characteristics= | =Microscopic Characteristics= | ||
| − | {{Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | + | {| border=1 |
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| + | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
| + | | description=The powder is whitish; starch grains numerous, from 0.003 to 0.02 mm. in diameter, usually with a long cleft at the point of origin of growth; sclerenchymatous fibers in groups, the walls being quite thick and more or less lignified; trachese with scalariform thickenings or with bordered pores; calcium oxalate crystals few, in rosette aggregates from 0.02 mm. to 0.03 mm. in diameter. }} | ||
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| + | {{Media |cat=Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | ||
| companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
| − | | companyURL=http://www.Alkemist.com | + | | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com |
| + | | source2=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | ||
| + | | companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
| + | | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com | ||
| mainimage=Marshmallow Alkemist Laboratories.jpg | | mainimage=Marshmallow Alkemist Laboratories.jpg | ||
| caption1=Bast fibers observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | | caption1=Bast fibers observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | ||
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| reference=Powdered Vegetable Drugs, Jackson, B., 1968 | | reference=Powdered Vegetable Drugs, Jackson, B., 1968 | ||
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=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= | =High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= | ||
Revision as of 18:21, 16 March 2014
Contents |
Nomenclature
Althaea officinalis L. Malvaceae
Standardized common name (English): marshmallow
Botanical Voucher Specimen
Organoleptic Characteristics
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Macroscopic Characteristics
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Microscopic Characteristics
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High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification
 
Marshmallow (root) (Althaea officinalis) Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):
Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Pharmaceuticals, Costa Mesa, CA. Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates Mobile Phase ethyl acetate: glacial acetic acid: formic acid: water [10/1.1/1.1/2.4] Sample Preparation Method 0.5 g + 5 mL MeOH sonicate/heat @ 50°C ~ 1/2 hr, cntrfg, evap w N2, qs 1mL MeOH Detection Method Natural Product Reagent + PEG -> UV 365 nm Reference see British Herbal Pharmacopoeia, 1996
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Supplementary Information
Sources
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100107288
- ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100107287
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
