Cannabis spp. (pistillate inflorescence and leaf)
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| mainimage=Cannabis sativa - Köhler.jpg | | mainimage=Cannabis sativa - Köhler.jpg | ||
| reference=Köhler, Medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen Abbildungen und kurzerläuterndemTexte (1887)}} | | reference=Köhler, Medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen Abbildungen und kurzerläuterndemTexte (1887)}} | ||
+ | |||
|} | |} | ||
=Microscopic Characteristics= | =Microscopic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {| border=1 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{Microscopy| source=Recommended methods for the identification and analysis of cannabis and cannabis products, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna, 2009. (ST/NAR/40) | ||
+ | |companyimage=UNODC Logo.png | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://www.unodc.org/documents/scientific/ST-NAR-40-Ebook.pdf | ||
+ | |description=“… Cannabis sativa can be identified by microscopic structures on the surface of the plant, namely, by trichomes. Two types of trichomes occur and can be observed with a binocular microscope with a magnification factor of 40: | ||
+ | (a) Non-glandular trichomes are numerous, unicellular, rigid and curved hairs, with a slender pointed apex: | ||
+ | - Cystolithic trichomes found on the upper surface of the cannabis leaves have a characteristic bear claw shape and may have calcium carbonate crystals (cystoliths) visible at their bases. Frequently, the trichome is broken and the cystolith freed; | ||
+ | - Non-cystolithic trichomes occur mainly on the lower side of the leaves, bracts and bracteoles and lack the enlarged base; | ||
+ | - The simultaneous presence of these bear claw-shaped trichomes on the upper surface and the fine, slender non-cystolithic trichomes on the lower surface of the leaves is a characteristic of cannabis. | ||
+ | |||
+ | (b) Glandular trichomes. They occur as: | ||
+ | - Sessile glands, i.e. trichomes without stalk, which are generally found on the lower epidermis; | ||
+ | - Small bulbous glandular trichomes with one-celled stalks; | ||
+ | - Long multicellular stalks on the bracteoles surrounding the female flowers (multicellular stalked glandular trichomes). | ||
+ | |||
+ | These are mainly associated with the flower structures (pistillate plants being particularly rich in these structures) but they can also be found on the underside of the leaves and occasionally on the stems of young plants. | ||
+ | Some plants possess trichomes that may be confused with those present on Cannabis sativa and care should be taken in definitive identification. However, the combination of cystolithic hairs on the leaf upper surface and longer trichomes and sessile glands on the lower surface, which is unique to Cannabis sativa, enables positive identification of even fragmented material.”}} | ||
+ | |} | ||
=Gas Chromatography Identification= | =Gas Chromatography Identification= | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {| border=1 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{Macroscopy | ||
+ | | companyimage=OleMiss Logo.png | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://pharmacy.olemiss.edu/ncnpr/ | ||
+ | | source=National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA | ||
+ | | description='''''Cannabis'' spp.''' | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Internal Standard Solution:''' 1 mg/mL 4-androstene-3,17-dione in a mixture of chloroform and methanol (1:9). | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Test Sample Preparation:''' 100 mg ground plant material in 3 mL of Internal Standard Solution, macerate at room temperature for 1 h,sonicate for 5 min, filter, and use the filtrate. | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Column:''' 15-m x 0.25-mm, 0.25-um film, J&W Scientific DB-1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Oven Program:''' 170°C for 1 min, increase to 250°C at 10°C/min, hold at 250° for 3 min. | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Injection Port:''' 240°C | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Detector:''' FID, 260°C | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Carrier Gas:''' Helium | ||
+ | |||
+ | '''Injection volume:''' 1 uL | ||
+ | | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{Media4 |cat=GC | ||
+ | |companyimage= OleMiss Logo.png | ||
+ | |companyimage2= OleMiss Logo.png | ||
+ | |companyimage3= OleMiss Logo.png | ||
+ | |companyimage4= OleMiss Logo.png | ||
+ | |source=National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, | ||
+ | University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA | ||
+ | |source2=National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, | ||
+ | University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA | ||
+ | |source3=National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, | ||
+ | University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA | ||
+ | |source4=National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, | ||
+ | University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA | ||
+ | |mainimage= GC - Fiber-Type Cannabis (CBD gt THC) - OleMiss.png | ||
+ | |image2=GC - Immediate-Type Cannabis - OleMiss.png | ||
+ | |image3=GC - THC-Type Cannabis - OleMiss.png | ||
+ | |image4=GC - Cannabinoid standards - OleMiss.png}} | ||
+ | |} | ||
=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= | =High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= |
Revision as of 18:20, 9 October 2014
Contents |
Nomenclature
Cannabis sativa L. Cannabaceae
Botanical Voucher Specimen
|
Organoleptic Characteristics
|
Macroscopic Characteristics
|
Microscopic Characteristics
|
Gas Chromatography Identification
University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA]] [[Category:National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA]] [[Category:National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA]] [[Category:National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA]] |
High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification
Supplementary Information
Sources
- ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100003863
- ↑ American Herbal Products Association. March 2013. Organoleptic Analysis of Herbal Ingredients. AHPA: Silver Spring, MD http://www.ahpa.org/default.aspx?tabid=419
- ↑ Recommended methods for the identification and analysis of cannabis and cannabis products, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna, 2009. (ST/NAR/40) http://www.unodc.org/documents/scientific/ST-NAR-40-Ebook.pdf
- ↑ Köhler, Medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen Abbildungen und kurzerläuterndemTexte (1887)
- ↑ Recommended methods for the identification and analysis of cannabis and cannabis products, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna, 2009. (ST/NAR/40) http://www.unodc.org/documents/scientific/ST-NAR-40-Ebook.pdf
- ↑ National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA http://pharmacy.olemiss.edu/ncnpr/
- ↑ National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- ↑ National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- ↑ National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- ↑ National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Botanical
- Cannabaceae
- Media
- Voucher
- MOBOT, Tropicos.org
- Macroscopy
- American Herbal Products Association. March 2013. Organoleptic Analysis of Herbal Ingredients. AHPA: Silver Spring, MD
- Recommended methods for the identification and analysis of cannabis and cannabis products, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna, 2009. (ST/NAR/40)
- Köhler, Medizinal-Pflanzen in naturgetreuen Abbildungen und kurzerläuterndemTexte (1887)
- Microscopy
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- GC