Centella asiatica (aerial parts)

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=Introduction=
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Centella asiatica'' (aerial parts)}} {{askbox|herb=''Centella asiatica''}}
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=Macroscopic Entries=
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=Nomenclature=
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=Microscopic Entries=
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{{nomenclature | binomial=Centella asiatica
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|authority=(L.) Urb.
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|family=Apiaceae
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|scn=gotu kola
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|syn=''Hydrocotyle asiatica'' L.
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|ayurvedic=brahmi; mandukaparni
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|pinyin=ji xue cao; ji xue cao (whole plant); luo-de-da (whole plant); ma ti cao (whole plant)
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|aka=Asiatic pennywort; Indian pennywort
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|notes=Ed. Note: As a general rule ''Centella asiatica'' is called "brahmi" in north and west India and "mandukaparni" in Kerala (south India); whereas ''Bacopa monnieri'' is "brahmi" in Kerala and "mandukaparni" in north and west India. }}
  
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=Botanical Voucher Specimen=
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{{Media3    |cat=Voucher
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            | source=MOBOT, Tropicos.org
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            | mainimage=Centella asiatica Tropicos 100179495.jpg
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            | companyimage=TropicosLogo.gif
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            | companyURL=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100179495
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            | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 19 Mar 2014 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100179495>
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            | source2=MOBOT, Tropicos.org
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            | image2=Centella asiatica Tropicos 100179676.jpg
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            | companyimage2=TropicosLogo.gif
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            | companyURL2=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100179676
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            | source3=MOBOT, Tropicos.org
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            | image3=Centella asiatica Tropicos 100179484.jpg
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            | companyimage3=TropicosLogo.gif
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            | companyURL3=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100179484
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            | }}
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{{Media2      | cat=Voucher
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            | companyimage=Kewlogo.gif
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            | companyURL=http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000686115
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            | mainimage=Centella_asiatica_Kew_imageBarcode=K000686115_297461.jpg
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            | source=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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| companyimage2=Kewlogo.gif
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| companyURL2=http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K00068610
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| image2=Centella_asiatica_Kew_imageBarcode=K000686108_297453.jpg
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| source2=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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| }}
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=Organoleptic Characteristics=
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=Macroscopic Characteristics=
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{{ Media2    | cat=Macroscopy
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            | source=PlantaPhile
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            | mainimage=PlantaPhile - 098.jpg
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            | companyimage=PlantaPhile logo.jpg
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            | companyURL=http://plantaphile.com/
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            | source2=PlantaPhile
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            | image2=PlantaPhile - 3047.jpg
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            | companyimage2=PlantaPhile logo.jpg
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            | companyURL2=http://plantaphile.com/
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            | }}
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=Microscopic Characteristics=
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{| border=1
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|
 
{{Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
 
{{Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
 
             | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
 
             | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
 
             | companyURL=http://www.Alkemist.com
 
             | companyURL=http://www.Alkemist.com
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            | mainimage=Gotu Kola-1.jpg
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             | characteristics=Cellular structures identified in this botanical specimens are the rosettes of calcium oxalate found within the palisade cells below leaf epidermis and the epidermis of the leaf showing striated cuticle and numerous stomata.
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            | caption1= Rosettes of calcium oxalate found within the palisade cells below leaf epidermis observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution
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            | description= Gotu Kola (aerial parts) (''Centella asiatica'')
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            | image2=Gotu Kola-2.jpg
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            | caption2= Epidermis of the leaf showing striated cuticle and numerous stomata observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution
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             | characteristics=cellular structures identified in this botanical specimens are the rosettes of calcium oxalate found within the palisade cells below leaf epidermis and the epidermis of the leaf showing striated cuticle and numerous stomata.
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             | reference=British Pharmacopoeia, 2011
 
             | reference=British Pharmacopoeia, 2011
 
             | }}
 
             | }}
  
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=HPTLC Entries=
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{{Media2 |cat=Microscopy |companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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=Other Points of Interest=
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            | companyURL= http://www.alkemist.com
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[[Category:blank]]
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|companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL2= http://www.alkemist.com
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|mainimage= Gotu Kola-1.jpg
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          |caption1= Rosettes of calcium oxalate found within the palisade cells below leaf epidermis observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution
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          |source= Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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|image2= Gotu Kola-2.jpg
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          |caption2= Epidermis of the leaf showing striated cuticle and numerous stomata observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution
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          |source2= Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories}}
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|}
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=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
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{{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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            | description=Gotu Kola (aerial parts) (''Centella asiatica'')
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            | companyimage=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com
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            | mainimage=Centella_asiatica_-_Alkemist_Laboratories.jpg
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            | caption1=''Centella asiatica'' HPTLC ID - Vanillin Sulfuric Acid Reagent UV 365 nm
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            | stationaryphase=Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates
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            | mobilephase=chloroform: glacial acetic acid: methanol: water [6/3.2/1.2/0.8]
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            | prep=0.3 g + 3 ml CH3OH sonicated + heated @ 50° C ~ 1 hr
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            | detection=Vanillin/H2SO4 Reagent -> 110° C 5 min -> UV 365 nm
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            | lanes= Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):
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# 3 μL Asiaticoside ~0.1% in Methanol
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# 3 μL ''Centella asiatica''-1 (herb)
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# 3 μL ''Centella asiatica''-2 (aerial parts)
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# 3 μL ''Centella asiatica''-3 (aerial parts)
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# 3 μL ''Centella asiatica''-3 (aerial parts)
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# 3 μL ''Centella asiatica''-4 (herb)
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# 3 μL ''Centella asiatica''-5 (herb)
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# 3 μL Asiaticoside ~0.1% in Methanol
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Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA.
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            | reference=W.H.O. Monographs Vol. #1 1999
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            | }}
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=Supplementary Information=
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=Sources=
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<references />

Latest revision as of 23:38, 18 August 2014

AHPA recognizes other valuable resources exist regarding the identity of Centella asiatica.

To submit a suggestion or contribution, please contact Merle Zimmermann.

Contents

Nomenclature

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.   Apiaceae  
Syn. Hydrocotyle asiatica L.  
Standardized common name (English): gotu kola  
Ayurvedic name(s): brahmi; mandukaparni  
Pinyin name(s): ji xue cao; ji xue cao (whole plant); luo-de-da (whole plant); ma ti cao (whole plant)

Botanical Voucher Specimen

bottomright bottomright bottomright

Centella asiatica Tropicos 100179495.jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[1]

Centella asiatica Tropicos 100179676.jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[2]

Centella asiatica Tropicos 100179484.jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[3]
bottomright bottomright

Centella asiatica Kew imageBarcode=K000686115 297461.jpg
Source: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.[4]

Centella asiatica Kew imageBarcode=K000686108 297453.jpg
Source: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.[5]


Organoleptic Characteristics

Macroscopic Characteristics

bottomright bottomright

PlantaPhile - 098.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[6]

PlantaPhile - 3047.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[7]

Microscopic Characteristics

Cellular structures identified in this botanical specimens are the rosettes of calcium oxalate found within the palisade cells below leaf epidermis and the epidermis of the leaf showing striated cuticle and numerous stomata.

Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories [8]
AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg


bottomright bottomright

Gotu Kola-1.jpg
Rosettes of calcium oxalate found within the palisade cells below leaf epidermis observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[9]

Gotu Kola-2.jpg
Epidermis of the leaf showing striated cuticle and numerous stomata observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[10]

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
(thumbnail)
Centella asiatica HPTLC ID - Vanillin Sulfuric Acid Reagent UV 365 nm

Gotu Kola (aerial parts) (Centella asiatica)

Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):

  1. 3 μL Asiaticoside ~0.1% in Methanol
  2. 3 μL Centella asiatica-1 (herb)
  3. 3 μL Centella asiatica-2 (aerial parts)
  4. 3 μL Centella asiatica-3 (aerial parts)
  5. 3 μL Centella asiatica-3 (aerial parts)
  6. 3 μL Centella asiatica-4 (herb)
  7. 3 μL Centella asiatica-5 (herb)
  8. 3 μL Asiaticoside ~0.1% in Methanol

Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA. 

Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates 

Mobile Phase chloroform: glacial acetic acid: methanol: water [6/3.2/1.2/0.8] 

Sample Preparation Method 0.3 g + 3 ml CH3OH sonicated + heated @ 50° C ~ 1 hr 

Detection Method Vanillin/H2SO4 Reagent -> 110° C 5 min -> UV 365 nm 

Reference see W.H.O. Monographs Vol. #1 1999


Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories [11]

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100179495
  2. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100179676
  3. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100179484
  4. ↑ Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000686115
  5. ↑ Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K00068610
  6. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  7. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  8. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.Alkemist.com
  9. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  10. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  11. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
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