Cichorium intybus (root)

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AHPA recognizes other valuable resources exist regarding the identity of Cichorium intybus.

To submit a suggestion or contribution, please contact Merle Zimmermann.

Contents

Nomenclature

Cichorium intybus L.   Asteraceae  
Standardized common name (English): chicory  
Ayurvedic name(s): kasni  
Pinyin name(s): ju ju (aboveground parts)

Botanical Voucher Specimen

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Cichorium intybus Tropicos 100157670.jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[1]

Cichorium intybus Kew imageBarcode=K000796601 396892.jpg
Source: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.[2]


Organoleptic Characteristics

The whole plant has a bitter taste, without acrimony or any very peculiar flavor. The taste is strongest in the root and weakest in the flowers.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [3]

Macroscopic Characteristics

A perennial herbaceous composite plant.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [4]

[Chicory family] distinguished by alternate or basal leaves; milky acrid or bitter juice; flowers all alike, perfect, calyx-tube adnate to ovary, corolla gamopetalous, limb 5-toothed, anthers syngenesious; ovary 1-celled; fruit achene. [Chicory Root (Cichorium Intybus)] closely resembles taraxacum, but is paler and has milk vessels in radiating lines.

Root with laticiferous vessels radiate, also is whiter, more woody, and has thinner bark than taraxacum.

Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed. [5]

Microscopic Characteristics

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Cichorium intybus L. - Alkemist Laboratories.jpg
Large tracheids observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[6]

Cichorium intybus L.-1- Alkemist Laboratories.png
An irregular mass of inulin observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[7]

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
(thumbnail)
Cichorium intybus HPTLC ID - 10% Ethanolic Sulfuric Acid Reagent UV 365 nm

Chicory (root) (Cichorium intybus)

Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):

  1. 3 μL Oleanolic acid
  2. 3 μL Cichorium intybus-1 Vouchered Specimen (root)
  3. 3 μL Cichorium intybus-2 (root)
  4. 3 μL Cichorium intybus-3 (root)
  5. 3 μL Cichorium intybus-4 (root)
  6. 3 μL Cichorium intybus-5 (root)
  7. 3 μL Cichorium intybus-6 (root)
  8. 3 μL Ursolic Acid

Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Pharmaceuticals, Costa Mesa, CA. 

Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates 

Mobile Phase CH2Cl2: Petroleum ether [8/2] 

Sample Preparation Method 0.3 g + 3 ml CH3OH sonicated + heated @ 50° C ~ 1 hr. 

Detection Method 10% Ethanolic H2SO4 -> 115° C 15 min -> UV 365 nm 

Reference see Pharmacopoeia of The Peoples Republic of China, Volume 1, 2005


Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories [8]

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100157670
  2. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000796601
  3. United States Dispensatory (1918)
  4. United States Dispensatory (1918)
  5. Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
  6. Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  7. Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  8. Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
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