Cinnamomum loureiroi (bark)

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{{Macroscopy| source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
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{{Organolepsy| source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
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             | color=Rather dark cinnamon brown (reddish brown).
 
             | color=Rather dark cinnamon brown (reddish brown).
 
             | flavor=Sweet, very pungent, astringent.
 
             | flavor=Sweet, very pungent, astringent.
 
             | scent=Fragrant, very aromatic.}}
 
             | scent=Fragrant, very aromatic.}}
{{Macroscopy | source=Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.  
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{{Organolepsy | source=Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.  
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             | flavor=Sweetish, armoatic, pungent.
 
             | flavor=Sweetish, armoatic, pungent.
 
             | scent=Aromatic.}}
 
             | scent=Aromatic.}}
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{{Macroscopy | source=Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.  
 
{{Macroscopy | source=Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.  
| description='''Plants:''' Handsome evergreen trees, 6-9 M. (20-30°) high, truck .3-.5 M. (12-18') thick, young twigs slightly quadrangular; leaves coriaceous, 3-5-nerved, but only midrib reaches apex, bright glossy-green above, glaucous beneath, 10-20 Cm. (4-8') long; flowers Jan.-March, small, hermaphrodite or polygamous, fleshy, black, ovoid, size of small olive, adhering, like acorn, to cup-shaped perianth.
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| description='''Plants:''' Handsome evergreen trees, 6-9 M. (20-30°) high, trunk .3-.5 M. (12-18') thick, young twigs slightly quadrangular; leaves coriaceous, 3-5-nerved, but only midrib reaches apex, bright glossy-green above, glaucous beneath, 10-20 Cm. (4-8') long; flowers Jan.-March, small, hermaphrodite or polygamous, fleshy, black, ovoid, size of small olive, adhering, like acorn, to cup-shaped perianth.
  
'''Bark:''' (''C. Loureirii, + --?): ''Saigon'', in quills, 30 Cm. (12') long, 3-30 Mm. (1/8-1 1/5') broad; bark .5-3 Mm. (1/50-1/8') thick, light brown, dark purplish-brown with grayish patches of folaceous lichens and numerous bud-scars, finely wrinkled, especially that of younger twigs, otherwise rough from corky patches surrounding the lenticels; inner surface reddish-brown, granular, slightly striate; fracture short--inner bark porus from large oil and mucilage cells, and separated from the outer by a layer of stone cells.
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'''Bark:''' (''C. Loureirii, + --?''): ''Saigon'', in quills, 30 Cm. (12') long, 3-30 Mm. (1/8-1 1/5') broad; bark .5-3 Mm. (1/50-1/8') thick, light brown, dark purplish-brown with grayish patches of folaceous lichens and numerous bud-scars, finely wrinkled, especially that of younger twigs, otherwise rough from corky patches surrounding the lenticels; inner surface reddish-brown, granular, slightly striate; fracture short--inner bark porus from large oil and mucilage cells, and separated from the outer by a layer of stone cells.
 
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| description=Powder, yellowish-brown; microscopically--numerous starch grains, 0.003-.02 Mm. (1/8325-1/1250') broad, colorless stone cells, numerous cellular reddish-brown fragments, calcium oxalate raphides; ''Saigon'' has many cork cells, ''Ceylon'' [Ed-Syn. ''verum'' in text] few or none, while bast-fibres of former are in groups of 2-20, of latter single and fusiform.
 
| description=Powder, yellowish-brown; microscopically--numerous starch grains, 0.003-.02 Mm. (1/8325-1/1250') broad, colorless stone cells, numerous cellular reddish-brown fragments, calcium oxalate raphides; ''Saigon'' has many cork cells, ''Ceylon'' [Ed-Syn. ''verum'' in text] few or none, while bast-fibres of former are in groups of 2-20, of latter single and fusiform.
 
             | adulterants=Bark: 1, ''Cassia'' bark, and a closely resembling bark of unknown derivation, having lighter gray color and coarser structure identified by weak odor and taste; possibly unscraped ''Guava'' bark quills, and clove bark; 2, Scarcely possible in the entire state; Powder: That of either variety not found on the market, all so labeled being cassia, which is subject to endless admixtures--chips, siftings, buds, walnut-shells, oil stone, flour, sand, beans, grains, starch, clove buds--exhausted drug, by percolation, distillation; ash (sometimes) 8-10 p. c.; Oil: That distilled from flowers and roots, phenol, oil of clove, petroleum, colophony, lead.
 
             | adulterants=Bark: 1, ''Cassia'' bark, and a closely resembling bark of unknown derivation, having lighter gray color and coarser structure identified by weak odor and taste; possibly unscraped ''Guava'' bark quills, and clove bark; 2, Scarcely possible in the entire state; Powder: That of either variety not found on the market, all so labeled being cassia, which is subject to endless admixtures--chips, siftings, buds, walnut-shells, oil stone, flour, sand, beans, grains, starch, clove buds--exhausted drug, by percolation, distillation; ash (sometimes) 8-10 p. c.; Oil: That distilled from flowers and roots, phenol, oil of clove, petroleum, colophony, lead.
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{{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
 
{{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.

Latest revision as of 18:52, 9 June 2015

AHPA recognizes other valuable resources exist regarding the identity of Cinnamomum loureiroi.

To submit a suggestion or contribution, please contact Merle Zimmermann.

Contents

Nomenclature

Cinnamomum loureirii Nees   Lauraceae  
Standardized common name (English): Saigon cinnamon

Botanical Voucher Specimen

Organoleptic Characteristics



Color Rather dark cinnamon brown (reddish brown).
Scent Fragrant, very aromatic.
Flavor Sweet, very pungent, astringent.

Source: Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed. [1]



Scent Aromatic.
Flavor Sweetish, armoatic, pungent.

Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed. [2]

Macroscopic Characteristics

Plants: Handsome evergreen trees, 6-9 M. (20-30°) high, trunk .3-.5 M. (12-18') thick, young twigs slightly quadrangular; leaves coriaceous, 3-5-nerved, but only midrib reaches apex, bright glossy-green above, glaucous beneath, 10-20 Cm. (4-8') long; flowers Jan.-March, small, hermaphrodite or polygamous, fleshy, black, ovoid, size of small olive, adhering, like acorn, to cup-shaped perianth.

Bark: (C. Loureirii, + --?): Saigon, in quills, 30 Cm. (12') long, 3-30 Mm. (1/8-1 1/5') broad; bark .5-3 Mm. (1/50-1/8') thick, light brown, dark purplish-brown with grayish patches of folaceous lichens and numerous bud-scars, finely wrinkled, especially that of younger twigs, otherwise rough from corky patches surrounding the lenticels; inner surface reddish-brown, granular, slightly striate; fracture short--inner bark porus from large oil and mucilage cells, and separated from the outer by a layer of stone cells.

Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed. [3]

Microscopic Characteristics

Histology much like that of Cassia; bast cells somewhat larger. Starch and sclerenchyma cells much as in Cinnamon aromaticum. Numerous small epidermal cells with thickened walls. Resin cells and crystals as in the other cinnamons.

Source: Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed. [4]


Powder, yellowish-brown; microscopically--numerous starch grains, 0.003-.02 Mm. (1/8325-1/1250') broad, colorless stone cells, numerous cellular reddish-brown fragments, calcium oxalate raphides; Saigon has many cork cells, Ceylon [Ed-Syn. verum in text] few or none, while bast-fibres of former are in groups of 2-20, of latter single and fusiform.

Source: Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed. [5]


Microanalysis powdered vegetable google ver cinnamon loureiroi.png
Source: Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.[6]

Microanalysis powdered vegetable google ver cinnamon cassia.png
Compare to Cinnamon aromaticum.
Source: Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.[7]

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
  2. Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
  3. Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
  4. Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
  5. Culbreth, D. (1917) A Manual of Materia Media and Pharmacology, 6th ed.
  6. Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
  7. Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
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