Coriandrum sativum (seed)
(Various title corrections) |
|||
Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
=Botanical Voucher Specimen= | =Botanical Voucher Specimen= | ||
=Organoleptic Characteristics= | =Organoleptic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {| border=1 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
+ | | description=It is a singular fact that all parts of the fresh plant are extremely fetid when bruised, while the fruit becomes fragrant by drying. [...] | ||
+ | Mericarps: Aromatic odor, especially when bruised; taste agreeable.}} | ||
+ | |} | ||
=Macroscopic Characteristics= | =Macroscopic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {| border=1 | ||
+ | | | ||
{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
− | | description=''Coriandrum sativum'' is an annual plant, with an erect branching stem | + | | description=''Coriandrum sativum'' is an annual plant, with an erect branching stem rising about two feet, and furnished with compound leaves, of which the upper are thrice ternate, with linear pointed leaflets, the lower pinnate, with the pinnae cut into irregular serrated lobes like those of parsley. |
− | rising about two feet, and furnished with compound leaves, of which the | + | |
− | upper are thrice ternate, with linear pointed leaflets, the lower pinnate, | + | |
− | with the pinnae cut into irregular serrated lobes like those of parsley | + | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | The flowers are white or rose-colored, and in compound terminal umbels; the fruit globular, and composed of two concavo-convex mericarps. | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | the | + | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | and | + | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | The flowers appear in June, and the fruit ripens in August. [...] | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | Mericarps usually coherent; cremocarp nearly globular, from 3 to 5 mm. in diameter; externally light brown or rose colored; summit with 5 calyx teeth and a short stylopodium, each mericarp with 5 prominent, straight, longitudinal, primary ribs and 4 indistinct, undulate secondary ribs; mericarps easily separated, deeply concave on the inner or commissural surface and showing in transverse section 2 vittae (oil tubes) on the inner surface of each. | |
+ | }} | ||
+ | |} | ||
=Microscopic Characteristics= | =Microscopic Characteristics= | ||
− | {{Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | + | {| border=1 |
+ | | | ||
+ | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
+ | | description=Under the microscope, sections of Coriander show an epidermis of small cells with thick walls; a layer of several rows of thin-walled more or less collapsed parenchyma separated from a broad zone of strongly lignified, sclerenchymatous fibers which extend as a continuous ring in the mesocarp of each of the mericarps; 2 or 3 layers of large, tangentially elongated, thin-walled parenchyma cells, frequently with numerous large lysigenous intercellular spaces; inner epidermis of large tabular cells, the inner yellowish walls being considerably thickened and closely coherent to the brownish cells of the seed-coat; commissural surface with 2 large, elliptical vittae; the cells of the pericarp separated from the seed-coat and forming a large elliptical cavity; endosperm distinctly reniform in outline and consisting of tabular or polygonal thick-walled cells containing numerous large aleurone grains each with a rosette aggregate or prism of calcium oxalate. The powder is light brown, consisting chiefly of fragments of endosperm and lignified tissues of the pericarp; calcium oxalate crystals numerous, from 0.003 to 0.01 mm. in diameter, mostly in rosette aggregates, either isolated or in aleurone grains; sclerenehymatous fibers irregularly curved, having thick, yellowish, lignified walls and numerous simple pores; numerous globules of fixed oil; fragments of light yellow vittaa few, associated with elongated polygonal epidermal cells. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Nearly globular, about five millimetres in diameter, uniform brownish yellow | ||
+ | in color, and glabrous. Mericarps usually closely united, and crowned by the calyx teeth and stylopod. Primary ridges wavy and inconspicuous; secondary ridges straight and more prominent. In | ||
+ | transverse section, two vittas on the commissural surface of each mericarp.}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | ||
| companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
− | | companyURL=http://www. | + | | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com |
| mainimage=Coriandrum sativum - Alkemist Laboratories.jpg | | mainimage=Coriandrum sativum - Alkemist Laboratories.jpg | ||
| caption1=Fusiform cells occurring in layers with the cells of adjacent layers approximately at right angles to one another; fragments of parenchyma with small, thick-walled beaded cells observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | | caption1=Fusiform cells occurring in layers with the cells of adjacent layers approximately at right angles to one another; fragments of parenchyma with small, thick-walled beaded cells observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | ||
| description= Coriander (seed) (''Coriandrum sativum'' L.) | | description= Coriander (seed) (''Coriandrum sativum'' L.) | ||
+ | | source2=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | ||
+ | | companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
+ | | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com | ||
| image2=Coriandrum sativum-1 - Alkemist Laboratories.jpg | | image2=Coriandrum sativum-1 - Alkemist Laboratories.jpg | ||
| caption2=Fragments of endosperm with small thick-walled regular cells containing microcrystal and micro rosettes of calcium oxalate and oil droplets observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | | caption2=Fragments of endosperm with small thick-walled regular cells containing microcrystal and micro rosettes of calcium oxalate and oil droplets observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | ||
| reference=British Pharmacopoeia, 2003 or Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals, Max Wichtl, 3rd ed., 2004 | | reference=British Pharmacopoeia, 2003 or Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals, Max Wichtl, 3rd ed., 2004 | ||
| }} | | }} | ||
− | + | |} | |
=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= | =High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= | ||
{{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | {{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories |
Revision as of 16:10, 17 March 2014
Contents |
Nomenclature
Coriandrum sativum L. Apiaceae
Standardized common name (English): coriander (fruit); cilantro (leaf)
Ayurvedic name(s): dhanyaka
Pinyin name(s): yuan sui; hu sui; yuan sui (whole plant); yuan sui zi (fruit)
Botanical Voucher Specimen
Organoleptic Characteristics
|
Macroscopic Characteristics
|
Microscopic Characteristics
|
High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification
Coriander (seed) (Coriandrum sativum) Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):
Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA. Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates Mobile Phase toluene: ethyl acetate [9.5/0.5] Sample Preparation Method 0.5g+5ml dichloromethane, sncte/cntrfge/dcnt, evap dry (N2), qs 1.0 ml Toluene Detection Method Vanillin/H2SO4 Reagent -> 110° C 5 min -> UV 365 nm Reference see Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals,Max Wichtl, 3rd ed., 2004
|
Supplementary Information
Sources
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com