Elettaria cardamomum (fruit)
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− | {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Elettaria cardamomum'' (fruit) }} | + | {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Elettaria cardamomum'' (fruit) }} {{askbox|herb=''Elettaria cardamomum''}} |
=Nomenclature= | =Nomenclature= | ||
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|aka=Mysore cardamom | |aka=Mysore cardamom | ||
|notes= }} | |notes= }} | ||
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+ | =Botanical Voucher Specimen= | ||
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+ | {{Media | cat=Voucher | ||
+ | | companyimage=Kewlogo.gif | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000815813 | ||
+ | | mainimage=Elettaria_cardamomum_Kew_imageBarcode=K000815813_428481.jpg | ||
+ | | source=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. | ||
+ | }} | ||
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=Organoleptic Characteristics= | =Organoleptic Characteristics= | ||
− | {{ | + | {| border=1 |
+ | | | ||
+ | {{Organolepsy | source=Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs | ||
| companyimage=Mrh logo.jpg | | companyimage=Mrh logo.jpg | ||
| companyURL=http://www.mountainroseherbs.com | | companyURL=http://www.mountainroseherbs.com | ||
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| aroma=Aromatic when crushed.}} | | aroma=Aromatic when crushed.}} | ||
− | {{ | + | {{Organolepsy | source=Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed. |
| description=Cardamom (fruit) (''Elettaria cardamomum'' W. et. M., Scitaminaceae) | | description=Cardamom (fruit) (''Elettaria cardamomum'' W. et. M., Scitaminaceae) | ||
| color=Light brown. | | color=Light brown. | ||
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| scent=Aromatic, spicy, somewhat camphoraceous. }} | | scent=Aromatic, spicy, somewhat camphoraceous. }} | ||
− | {{ | + | {{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) |
| description=''Elettaria cardamomum'' ... odor aromatic; taste aromatic, pungent. [...] | | description=''Elettaria cardamomum'' ... odor aromatic; taste aromatic, pungent. [...] | ||
Aromatic odor; taste agreeably warm and aromatic.}} | Aromatic odor; taste agreeably warm and aromatic.}} | ||
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=Macroscopic Characteristics= | =Macroscopic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {| border=1 | ||
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{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
| description=''Elettaria cardamomum'' | | description=''Elettaria cardamomum'' | ||
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{{Media |cat=Macroscopy | source=Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs | {{Media |cat=Macroscopy | source=Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs | ||
| companyimage=Mrh logo.jpg | | companyimage=Mrh logo.jpg | ||
− | | companyURL=http://www. | + | | companyURL=http://www.MountainRoseHerbs.com |
| description=Cardamom (fruit) (''Elettaria cardamomum'') | | description=Cardamom (fruit) (''Elettaria cardamomum'') | ||
| mainimage=Elettaria_cardamomum_Fruits_2.JPG | | mainimage=Elettaria_cardamomum_Fruits_2.JPG | ||
| caption1=Cardamom Whole Fruit | | caption1=Cardamom Whole Fruit | ||
| characteristics=Fruit a capsule, light to medium green, elliptical, triangular, striated. Seeds oblong-ovoid, irregularly angular, rugose, brown to dark brown adhering to a colorless membranous aril. | }} | | characteristics=Fruit a capsule, light to medium green, elliptical, triangular, striated. Seeds oblong-ovoid, irregularly angular, rugose, brown to dark brown adhering to a colorless membranous aril. | }} | ||
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=Microscopic Characteristics= | =Microscopic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {| border=1 | ||
+ | | | ||
{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
| description=[''Elettaria cardamomum''] powder is greenish-brown; consisting chiefly of coarse angular fragments of cells of the reserve layers and seed-coat; cells of endosperm and perisperm filled with compound starch grains, the individual grains from 0.001 to 0.004 mm. in diameter; fragments of seed with dark brown stone cells, which are polygonal in surface view and about 0.02 mm. in diameter; in mounts made with hydrated chloral T.S. single prisms or crystals in rosette aggregates may separate in the cells of the endosperm and perisperm; fragments of spiral tracheae with accompanying slightly lignified bast-fibers relatively few. [...] The powdered seeds exhibit abundant, minute, angular starch grains, often compacted into masses; but no spiral vessels, sclerenchymatous fibres, or strongly elongated selerenehymatous cells (absence of pericarps).}} | | description=[''Elettaria cardamomum''] powder is greenish-brown; consisting chiefly of coarse angular fragments of cells of the reserve layers and seed-coat; cells of endosperm and perisperm filled with compound starch grains, the individual grains from 0.001 to 0.004 mm. in diameter; fragments of seed with dark brown stone cells, which are polygonal in surface view and about 0.02 mm. in diameter; in mounts made with hydrated chloral T.S. single prisms or crystals in rosette aggregates may separate in the cells of the endosperm and perisperm; fragments of spiral tracheae with accompanying slightly lignified bast-fibers relatively few. [...] The powdered seeds exhibit abundant, minute, angular starch grains, often compacted into masses; but no spiral vessels, sclerenchymatous fibres, or strongly elongated selerenehymatous cells (absence of pericarps).}} | ||
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| characteristics=Epidermal cells of pericarp, thin-walled; prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate. | | characteristics=Epidermal cells of pericarp, thin-walled; prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate. | ||
| }} | | }} | ||
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=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= | =High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= | ||
{{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | {{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories |
Latest revision as of 14:23, 12 October 2018
Contents |
Nomenclature
Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton var. cardamomum Zingiberaceae
Syn. Amomum cardamomum L.; Elettaria cardamomum L. var. miniscula Burkill; Elettaria cardamomum L. var. minus Watt
Standardized common name (English): cardamom
Ayurvedic name(s): ela
Botanical Voucher Specimen
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Organoleptic Characteristics
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Macroscopic Characteristics
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Microscopic Characteristics
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High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification
Cardamom (seed) (Elettaria cardamomum L. Maton) Lane Assignments Lane 1 (1 μl) Linalool ~0.1% in methanol; Lane 2 (2 μl) Elettaria cardamomum L. Maton-1 (seed)(Guatemala); Lane 3 (2 μl) Elettaria cardamomum L. Maton-2 (seed)(Guatemala); Lane 4 (2 μl) Elettaria cardamomum L. Maton-3 (seed), Lane 5 (2 μl) Elettaria cardamomum L. Maton-3 (seed); Lane 6 (2 μl) Elettaria cardamomum L. Maton-4 (seed), Lane 7 (1 μl) Elettaria cardamomum L. Maton-4 (seed; Lane 8 (3 μl) Eugenol~0.1% in methanol, these references have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference sources cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA. Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates Mobile Phase toluene: ethyl acetate [9.5/0.5] Sample Preparation Method 0.5g+5ml dichloromethane, sonicate/centrifuge/decant, evaporate to dryness with N2, qs with 1.0 ml Toluene Detection Method Vanillin/H2SO4 Reagent -> 110° C 5 min -> UV 365 nm Reference see Medicinal Spices, Teuscher, E., 2006, CRC Press or The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India Part I Volume I
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Supplementary Information
Sources
- ↑ Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000815813
- ↑ Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs http://www.mountainroseherbs.com
- ↑ Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs http://www.MountainRoseHerbs.com
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
- ↑ Amy Brush, Traditional Medicinals http://www.traditionalmedicinals.com
- ↑ Amy Brush, Traditional Medicinals http://www.traditionalmedicinals.com
- ↑ Amy Brush, Traditional Medicinals http://www.traditionalmedicinals.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- Botanical
- Zingiberaceae
- Media
- Voucher
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- Organolepsy
- Steven Yeager, Mountain Rose Herbs
- Schneider, A. (1921) The Microanalysis of Powdered Vegetable Drugs, 2nd ed.
- United States Dispensatory (1918)
- Macroscopy
- Microscopy
- Amy Brush, Traditional Medicinals
- HPTLC
- Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories