Elymus repens (root)
(Nomenclature updated) |
(Botanical Voucher Kew added) |
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+ | {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Elymus repens'' (root) }} {{askbox|herb=''Elymus repens''}} | ||
=Nomenclature= | =Nomenclature= | ||
{{nomenclature | binomial=Elymus repens | {{nomenclature | binomial=Elymus repens | ||
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|notes=}} | |notes=}} | ||
− | = | + | =Botanical Voucher Specimen= |
+ | {{Media2 |cat=Voucher | ||
+ | |||
+ | | source=MOBOT, Tropicos.org | ||
+ | | mainimage=Elymus repens Tropicos 100010959.jpg | ||
+ | | companyimage=TropicosLogo.gif | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100010959 | ||
+ | | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 19 Mar 2014 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100010959> | ||
+ | |||
+ | | source2=MOBOT, Tropicos.org | ||
+ | | image2=Elymus repens Tropicos 100167884.jpg | ||
+ | | companyimage2=TropicosLogo.gif | ||
+ | | companyURL2=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100167884 | ||
+ | | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 25 Mar 2014 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100167884> | ||
+ | |||
+ | | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{Media3 |cat=Voucher | ||
+ | | companyimage=Kewlogo.gif | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000674874 | ||
+ | | mainimage=Elymus_repens_Kew_imageBarcode=K000674874_666570.jpg | ||
+ | | source=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. | ||
+ | |||
+ | | companyimage2=Kewlogo.gif | ||
+ | | companyURL2=http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000674875 | ||
+ | | image2=Elymus_repens_Kew_imageBarcode=K000674875_666571.jpg | ||
+ | | source2=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. | ||
+ | |||
+ | | companyimage3=Kewlogo.gif | ||
+ | | companyURL3=http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K001065435 | ||
+ | | image3=Elymus_repens_Kew_imageBarcode=K001065435_666728.jpg | ||
+ | | source3=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. | ||
+ | |||
+ | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | =Organoleptic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {| border=1 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
+ | | description=[Couch Grass (rhizome) ...] odor slight, aromatic; taste sweetish. [...] | ||
+ | |||
+ | No odor; taste slightly sweet.}} | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | =Macroscopic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {| border=1 | ||
+ | | | ||
{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
− | | description=Couch Grass | + | | description=Couch Grass is the dried rhizome, freed from remains of leaves and rootlets. |
− | is the dried rhizome, freed from remains of leaves and rootlets. | + | |
− | It is specifically characterized by its creeping | + | It is specifically characterized by its creeping rootstock, the leaves being flat, thin and finely veined, and the flowering glumes being glabrous or scabrous. |
− | rootstock, the leaves being flat, thin and finely veined, and the | + | |
− | flowering glumes being glabrous or scabrous. | + | |
Usually in pieces from 4 to 12 mm. in length and from 1 to 2.5 mm. in diameter; | Usually in pieces from 4 to 12 mm. in length and from 1 to 2.5 mm. in diameter; | ||
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smooth, lustrous, nodes with circular leaf-scars, a few root-scars and | smooth, lustrous, nodes with circular leaf-scars, a few root-scars and | ||
occasional slender roots; fracture tough, fibrous; internally lemon-yellow | occasional slender roots; fracture tough, fibrous; internally lemon-yellow | ||
− | and with a large, hollow pith | + | and with a large, hollow pith. [...] Roots |
filiform, irregularly branching, attaining a length of about 5 cm. and | filiform, irregularly branching, attaining a length of about 5 cm. and | ||
not more than 0.5 mm. in thickness, light brown or yellowish-brown, | not more than 0.5 mm. in thickness, light brown or yellowish-brown, | ||
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diameter, usually in pieces from three to six millimetres long. Strongly | diameter, usually in pieces from three to six millimetres long. Strongly | ||
furrowed longitudinally, hollow except at the nodes. Contains no starch. | furrowed longitudinally, hollow except at the nodes. Contains no starch. | ||
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+ | |||
}} | }} | ||
+ | {{ Media | cat=Macroscopy | ||
+ | | source=PlantaPhile | ||
+ | | mainimage=PlantaPhile - 2596.jpg | ||
+ | | companyimage=PlantaPhile logo.jpg | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://plantaphile.com/ | ||
+ | |}} | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | =Microscopic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {| border=1 | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {{Microscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
+ | | description=Under the microscope, transverse sections of Triticum show a single layer of strongly lignified epidermal cells; a hypodermis of from 3 to 6 rows of more or less polygonal cells with strongly lignified walls; a cortex of from 10 to 16 rows of thin-walled parenchyma cells, occasionally with nearly spherical starch grains about 0.005 mm. in diameter, or with irregular masses of a more or less soluble carbohydrate; among the parenchyma cells and near the hypodermis occur small, widely separated fibro-vascular bundles, each with a closed sheath of sclerenchymatous fibers; an endodermis, the lateral and inner walls of the cells moderately thickened, strongly lignified and somewhat porous; several layers of sclerenchymatous fibers immediately inside the endodermal ring, in which are imbedded an interrupted circle of collateral fibro-vascular bundles having large tracheas; adjoining these are usually 8 to 10 rows of parenchyma cells with a few fibro-vascular bundles and a pith in which the parenchyma cells are more or less broken or absent. | ||
− | + | The powder is light yellowish; consisting of irregular, lignified fragments; numerous fragments showing tracheae with annular or spiral thickenings or marked with simple pores and associated with long, narrow, rather thin-walled, strongly lignified sclerenchymatous fibers; fragments of epidermis made up of cells rectangular in outline, the longer walls considerably thickened, strongly lignified and marked with numerous transverse pores; ends of epidermal cells usually separated from each other by a very narrow cell with thin walls and few pores; numerous fragments of parenchyma rectangular in outline and with thin, porous walls. | |
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− | powder is light yellowish; consisting of irregular, lignified fragments; | + | |
− | numerous fragments showing tracheae with annular or spiral | + | |
− | thickenings or marked with simple pores and associated with long, | + | |
− | narrow, rather thin-walled, strongly lignified sclerenchymatous fibers; | + | |
− | fragments of epidermis made up of cells rectangular in outline, the | + | |
− | longer walls considerably thickened, strongly lignified and marked with | + | |
− | numerous transverse pores; ends of epidermal cells usually separated | + | |
− | from each other by a very narrow cell with thin walls and few pores; | + | |
− | numerous fragments of parenchyma rectangular in outline and with | + | |
− | thin, porous walls. | + | |
}} | }} | ||
− | {{Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | + | |
+ | {{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | ||
| companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
− | | companyURL=http://www. | + | | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com |
| mainimage= Elymus_repens_-_Alkemist_Laboratories.png | | mainimage= Elymus_repens_-_Alkemist_Laboratories.png | ||
| caption1=Epidermis of the stem showing long and short cells observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | | caption1=Epidermis of the stem showing long and short cells observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | ||
| description= Couch Grass (root) (''Elymus repens'') | | description= Couch Grass (root) (''Elymus repens'') | ||
+ | | source2=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | ||
+ | | companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
+ | | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com | ||
| image2= Elymus_repens-1-_Alkemist_Laboratories.png | | image2= Elymus_repens-1-_Alkemist_Laboratories.png | ||
| caption2= Loose and free floating starch granules observed at 400x with EtOH + glycerin + IKI + chloral hydrate. | | caption2= Loose and free floating starch granules observed at 400x with EtOH + glycerin + IKI + chloral hydrate. | ||
| reference= British Pharmacopoeia, 2003 | | reference= British Pharmacopoeia, 2003 | ||
| }} | | }} | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | =High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= | ||
− | = | + | =Supplementary Information= |
− | = | + | =Sources= |
− | + | <references /> |
Latest revision as of 01:35, 19 August 2014
Contents |
Nomenclature
Elymus repens (L.) Gould Poaceae
Syn. Agropyron repens (L.) P. Beauv.; Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex B.D. Jackson; Triticum repens L.
Standardized common name (English): couch grass
Botanical Voucher Specimen
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Organoleptic Characteristics
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Macroscopic Characteristics
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Microscopic Characteristics
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High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification
Supplementary Information
Sources
- ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100010959
- ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100167884
- ↑ Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000674874
- ↑ Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K000674875
- ↑ Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/K001065435
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com