Frangula purshiana (bark)
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=Organoleptic Characteristics= | =Organoleptic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
+ | | description=[''Rhamnus Purshiana'' ...] odor distinct; taste disagreeable, bitter, and slightly acrid. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Odor characteristic but not powerful; taste nauseous, bitter and persistent.}} | ||
=Macroscopic Characteristics= | =Macroscopic Characteristics= | ||
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converging groups, the outer bark showing yellowish groups of stone | converging groups, the outer bark showing yellowish groups of stone | ||
cells which are especially apparent on moistening the freshly cut surface | cells which are especially apparent on moistening the freshly cut surface | ||
− | with phloroglucinol T.S. and hydrochloric acid | + | with phloroglucinol T.S. and hydrochloric acid. [...] |
− | + | ||
In quilled, channelled, or nearly flat pieces from one to two millimetres | In quilled, channelled, or nearly flat pieces from one to two millimetres | ||
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sclerenchymatous cells in both cortex and bast; the parenchymatous | sclerenchymatous cells in both cortex and bast; the parenchymatous | ||
cells contain a yellow substance which is colored violet by solution of | cells contain a yellow substance which is colored violet by solution of | ||
− | sodium hydroxide | + | sodium hydroxide. |
− | + | ||
}} | }} | ||
=Microscopic Characteristics= | =Microscopic Characteristics= | ||
{{Microscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | {{Microscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
− | | description=''Rhamnus Purshiana'' | + | | description=''Rhamnus Purshiana'': |
− | Under the microscope, a | + | Under the microscope, a transverse section of Cascara Sagrada shows an outer yellowish-brown |
− | transverse section of Cascara Sagrada shows an outer yellowish-brown | + | |
or reddish-brown corky layer consisting of 10 to 15 or more rows of cells; | or reddish-brown corky layer consisting of 10 to 15 or more rows of cells; | ||
stone cells in outer bark in tangentially elongated groups of 20 to 50 | stone cells in outer bark in tangentially elongated groups of 20 to 50 | ||
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}} | }} | ||
− | {{Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | + | {{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories |
| companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
− | | companyURL=http://www. | + | | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com |
| mainimage=Cascara.jpg | | mainimage=Cascara.jpg | ||
| caption1=Fibers showing calcium oxalate prism sheath observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | | caption1=Fibers showing calcium oxalate prism sheath observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | ||
| description= Cascara (bark) (''Rhamnus purshiana'') | | description= Cascara (bark) (''Rhamnus purshiana'') | ||
+ | | source2=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | ||
+ | | companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
+ | | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com | ||
| image2=Cascara-1.jpg | | image2=Cascara-1.jpg | ||
| caption2=Medullary ray in cross section observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | | caption2=Medullary ray in cross section observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. |
Revision as of 15:03, 18 March 2014
Contents |
Nomenclature
Frangula purshiana (DC.) J.G. Cooper Rhamnaceae
Standardized common name (English): cascara sagrada
Botanical Voucher Specimen
Organoleptic Characteristics
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Macroscopic Characteristics
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Microscopic Characteristics
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High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification
Cascara (bark) (Rhamnus purshiana) Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):
Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Pharmaceuticals, Costa Mesa, CA. Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates Mobile Phase ethyl acetate: methanol: water [10/1.35/1] Sample Preparation Method 0.3 g + 3 ml CH3OH sonicate/heat @ 50° C ~ 1/2 hr Detection Method Natural Product Reagent + PEG -> UV 365 nm Reference see Plant Drug Analysis, Wagner, H., 1996
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Supplementary Information
Sources
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com