Frangula purshiana (bark)
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=Organoleptic Characteristics= | =Organoleptic Characteristics= | ||
{{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | {{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
− | | description=[''Rhamnus | + | | description=[''Rhamnus purshiana'' ...] odor distinct; taste disagreeable, bitter, and slightly acrid. |
Odor characteristic but not powerful; taste nauseous, bitter and persistent.}} | Odor characteristic but not powerful; taste nauseous, bitter and persistent.}} | ||
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=Macroscopic Characteristics= | =Macroscopic Characteristics= | ||
{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | {{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
− | | description=''Rhamnus | + | | description=''Rhamnus purshiana'' is a small tree, attaining a height of twenty |
feet. Its leaves are rather thin, elliptic, for the most part briefly acutely | feet. Its leaves are rather thin, elliptic, for the most part briefly acutely | ||
pointed, finely serrated, at the base obtuse, somewhat pubescent | pointed, finely serrated, at the base obtuse, somewhat pubescent | ||
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=Microscopic Characteristics= | =Microscopic Characteristics= | ||
{{Microscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | {{Microscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918) | ||
− | | description=''Rhamnus | + | | description=''Rhamnus purshiana'': |
Under the microscope, a transverse section of Cascara Sagrada shows an outer yellowish-brown | Under the microscope, a transverse section of Cascara Sagrada shows an outer yellowish-brown | ||
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0.02 mm. in diameter; occasional fragments of reddish-brown cork. | 0.02 mm. in diameter; occasional fragments of reddish-brown cork. | ||
− | The medullary rays in ''R. | + | The medullary rays in ''R. purshiana'' are |
numerous, thin, for a long distance nearly parallel and straight | numerous, thin, for a long distance nearly parallel and straight | ||
− | (according to L. E. Sayre, they converge | + | (according to L. E. Sayre, they converge at their outer ends), run nearly |
three-quarters of the distance through the bark, and are commonly | three-quarters of the distance through the bark, and are commonly | ||
composed of two rows of cells. | composed of two rows of cells. | ||
− | ''R. | + | ''R. frangula'' contains no stone cells. |
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 18:51, 17 March 2015
Contents |
Nomenclature
Frangula purshiana (DC.) J.G. Cooper Rhamnaceae
Standardized common name (English): cascara sagrada
Botanical Voucher Specimen
Organoleptic Characteristics
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Macroscopic Characteristics
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Microscopic Characteristics
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High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification
Cascara (bark) (Rhamnus purshiana) Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):
Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Pharmaceuticals, Costa Mesa, CA. Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates Mobile Phase ethyl acetate: methanol: water [10/1.35/1] Sample Preparation Method 0.3 g + 3 ml CH3OH sonicate/heat @ 50° C ~ 1/2 hr Detection Method Natural Product Reagent + PEG -> UV 365 nm Reference see Plant Drug Analysis, Wagner, H., 1996
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Supplementary Information
Sources
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com