Valeriana officinalis (root)

From AHPA Botanical Identity References Compendium
(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
(add USD 1918 information (macroscopic))
 
(16 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
=Introduction=
+
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Valeriana officinalis'' (root)}} {{askbox|herb=''Valeriana officinalis''}}
 +
=Nomenclature=
 +
{{nomenclature | binomial=Valeriana officinalis
 +
|authority=L.
 +
|family=Valerianaceae
 +
|scn=valerian
 +
|syn=''Valeriana exaltata'' J.C. Mikan
 +
|ayurvedic=sugandhbala; tagara
 +
|pinyin=
 +
|aka=garden heliotrope; garden valerian
 +
|notes= }}
  
−
''Introduction from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saigon_cinnamon, retrieved 09/11/2012).''
+
=Botanical Voucher Specimen=
  
−
'''Valerian''' (''Valeriana officinalis'', Valerianaceae) is a hardy perennial flowering plant, with heads of sweetly scented pink or white flowers which bloom in the summer months. Valerian flower extracts were used as a perfume in the sixteenth century.
+
{{Media4    | cat=Voucher
  
−
Native to Europe and parts of Asia, valerian has been introduced into North America. It is consumed as food by the larvae of some Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species including Grey Pug.
+
            | source=MOBOT, Tropicos.org
 +
            | mainimage=Valeriana_officinalis_Tropicos_55415.jpg
 +
            | companyimage=TropicosLogo.gif
 +
            | companyURL=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/55415
 +
            | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Mar 2014 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/55415>
  
−
According to the Oxford English Dictionary (second edition 1989), ''valerian'' is derived from a Latin adjectival form of the personal name ''Valerius''.
+
            | source2=MOBOT, Tropicos.org
 +
            | image2=Valeriana_officinalis_Tropicos_55418.jpg
 +
            | companyimage2=TropicosLogo.gif
 +
            | companyURL2=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/55418
 +
            | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Mar 2014 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/55418>
  
−
''The quoted text in this section was licensed for use under the Creative Commons ShareAlike License, version 3.0: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/''
+
            | source3=MOBOT, Tropicos.org
 +
            | image3=Valeriana_officinalis_Tropicos_100187916.jpg
 +
            | companyimage3=TropicosLogo.gif
 +
            | companyURL3=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100187916
 +
            | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Mar 2014 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100187916>
  
 +
            | companyimage4= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
 +
            | companyURL4= http://www.alkemist.com
 +
            | image4=Valeriana officinalis D31406JD A0951.jpg
 +
            | source4= Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories
  
−
=Macroscopic Entries=
 
−
{{Macroscopy | source=Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories
 
−
            | mainimage=Valeriana officinalis D31406JD A0951.jpg
 
−
            | companyimage=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
 
−
            | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com
 
−
            | caption1=Valerian Botanical Voucher Specimen - Alkemists Laboratories
 
−
            | description=Valerian (''Valeriana officinalis'') Botanical Voucher Specimen
 
−
            | image2=Alkemists Valeriana officinalis L. -Valerianaceae--1 macro cut sifted.jpg
 
−
            | caption2=Valerian Botanical Macro Specimen - Alkemists Laboratories
 
−
            | source=Botanical Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories
 
 
             | }}
 
             | }}
  
−
=Microscopic Entries=
+
=Organoleptic Characteristics=
 +
=Macroscopic Characteristics=
 +
{| border=1
 +
|
 +
{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
 +
| description=Official or great wild valerian (''Valeriana officinalis'') is a large, handsome, herbaceous plant, with a perennial rhizome, and an erect, round, channelled stem, from two to four feet high, furnished with opposite pinnate leaves, and terminating in flowering branches. The leaves of the stems are attached by abort, broad sheaths; the radical leaves are larger and long petiolate. In the former the leaflets are lanceolate and partially dentate, in the latter elliptical and deeply serrate. The flowers are small, white or rose-colored, agreeably odorous, and disposed in terminal corymbs interspersed with pear-shaped bracts. The number of the stamens is three. The fruit is a capsule containing one oblong-ovate, compressed seed. }}
  
−
        {{Microscopy | source=The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia Of India Part - 1 Volume - 1; W.H.O. Monographs Vol. #1 1999
+
{{Media3 |cat=Macroscopy
−
            | mainimage=Alkemists_Valeriana_officinalis_L._-Valerianaceae--2.jpg
+
| source=PlantaPhile
 +
            | mainimage=PlantaPhile - 1995.jpg
 +
            | companyimage=PlantaPhile logo.jpg
 +
            | companyURL=http://plantaphile.com/
 +
            |
 +
| source2=PlantaPhile
 +
            | image2=PlantaPhile_-_1817.jpg
 +
            | companyimage2=PlantaPhile logo.jpg
 +
            | companyURL2=http://plantaphile.com/
 +
            |
 +
|companyimage3= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
 +
            | companyURL3= http://www.alkemist.com
 +
|image3=Alkemists Valeriana officinalis L. -Valerianaceae--1 macro cut sifted.jpg
 +
          |source3= Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories }}
 +
|}
 +
=Microscopic Characteristics=
 +
{| border=1
 +
|
 +
        {{Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
 +
            | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com
 
             | companyimage=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
 
             | companyimage=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
−
             | description=Valerian (''Valeriana officinalis'')
+
             | description=The most distinctive element is the parenchyma cells packed with starch and the fragment of the root hair when viewed at 400X Acidified chloral Hydrate Soln.
−
            | characteristics=the most distinctive element is the parenchyma cells packed with starch viewed at 400X Acidified chloral Hydrate Soln.
+
             | reference=W.H.O. Monographs Vol. #1 1999
−
             | caption=parenchyma cells packed with starch 400X Acidified chloral Hydrate Soln.
+
−
            | image2=Alkemists_Valeriana_officinalis_L._-Valerianaceae--3.jpg
+
−
            | caption2=Valerian (''Valeriana officinalis'') fragment of a root hair 400X Acidified chloral Hydrate Soln.
+
 
             | }}
 
             | }}
−
=HPTLC Entries=
 
  
 +
{{Media2 |cat=Microscopy |companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
 +
            | companyURL= http://www.alkemist.com
 +
|companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
 +
            | companyURL2= http://www.alkemist.com
 +
|mainimage=Alkemists_Valeriana_officinalis_L._-Valerianaceae--2.jpg
 +
          |caption1=Parenchyma cells packed with starch 400X Acidified Chloral Hydrate Soln.
 +
          |source= Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
 +
|image2=Alkemists_Valeriana_officinalis_L._-Valerianaceae--3.jpg
 +
          |caption2=Fragment of a ''Valeriana officinalis'' root hair 400X Acidified Chloral Hydrate Soln.
 +
          |source2= Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
 +
}}
  
 +
|}
 +
=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
  
−
=HPTLC Entries=
+
=Supplementary Information=
−
=Other Points of Interest=
+
 
 +
=Sources=
 +
 
 +
<references />
 +
[[Category:Botanical]][[Category:Microscopy]]

Latest revision as of 22:01, 21 April 2015

AHPA recognizes other valuable resources exist regarding the identity of Valeriana officinalis.

To submit a suggestion or contribution, please contact Merle Zimmermann.

Contents

Nomenclature

Valeriana officinalis L.   Valerianaceae  
Syn. Valeriana exaltata J.C. Mikan  
Standardized common name (English): valerian  
Ayurvedic name(s): sugandhbala; tagara

Botanical Voucher Specimen

bottomright bottomright bottomright bottomright

Valeriana officinalis Tropicos 55415.jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[1]

Valeriana officinalis Tropicos 55418.jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[2]

Valeriana officinalis Tropicos 100187916.jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[3]

Valeriana officinalis D31406JD A0951.jpg
Source: Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories[4]

Organoleptic Characteristics

Macroscopic Characteristics

Official or great wild valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a large, handsome, herbaceous plant, with a perennial rhizome, and an erect, round, channelled stem, from two to four feet high, furnished with opposite pinnate leaves, and terminating in flowering branches. The leaves of the stems are attached by abort, broad sheaths; the radical leaves are larger and long petiolate. In the former the leaflets are lanceolate and partially dentate, in the latter elliptical and deeply serrate. The flowers are small, white or rose-colored, agreeably odorous, and disposed in terminal corymbs interspersed with pear-shaped bracts. The number of the stamens is three. The fruit is a capsule containing one oblong-ovate, compressed seed.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [5]
bottomright bottomright bottomright

PlantaPhile - 1995.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[6]

PlantaPhile - 1817.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[7]

Alkemists Valeriana officinalis L. -Valerianaceae--1 macro cut sifted.jpg
Source: Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories[8]

Microscopic Characteristics

The most distinctive element is the parenchyma cells packed with starch and the fragment of the root hair when viewed at 400X Acidified chloral Hydrate Soln.

Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories [9]
AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg


bottomright bottomright

Alkemists Valeriana officinalis L. -Valerianaceae--2.jpg
Parenchyma cells packed with starch 400X Acidified Chloral Hydrate Soln.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[10]

Alkemists Valeriana officinalis L. -Valerianaceae--3.jpg
Fragment of a Valeriana officinalis root hair 400X Acidified Chloral Hydrate Soln.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[11]

High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/55415
  2. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/55418
  3. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100187916
  4. ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  5. ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
  6. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  7. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  8. ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  9. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  10. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  11. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
Retrieved from "http://www.botanicalauthentication.org/index.php?title=Valeriana_officinalis_(root)&oldid=6864"
MediaWiki Appliance - Powered by TurnKey Linux