Plantago lanceolata (leaf)
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− | = | + | {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Plantago lanceolata'' (leaf) }} {{askbox|herb=''Plantago lanceolata''}} |
+ | =Nomenclature= | ||
− | + | {{nomenclature | binomial=Plantago lanceolata | |
+ | |authority=L. | ||
+ | |family=Plantaginaceae | ||
+ | |scn=English plantain | ||
+ | |syn= | ||
+ | |ayurvedic= | ||
+ | |pinyin= | ||
+ | |aka=lance-leaf plantain; narrow-leaf plantain; ribgrass | ||
+ | |notes= }} | ||
− | + | =Botanical Voucher Specimen= | |
− | + | {{Media3 | cat=Voucher | |
− | + | | source=MOBOT, Tropicos.org | |
+ | | mainimage=Plantago_lanceolata_Tropicos_100010935_(S).jpg | ||
+ | | companyimage=TropicosLogo.gif | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100010935 | ||
+ | | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Mar 2014 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100010935> | ||
− | = | + | | source2=Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories |
+ | | image2=Plantago lanceolata RA01405JD A0225.jpg | ||
+ | | companyimage2=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
+ | | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com | ||
− | = | + | | source3=Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories |
+ | | companyimage3=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
+ | | companyURL3=http://www.alkemist.com | ||
+ | | image3=Plantago lanceolata RA17404BMX1 A0226.jpg | ||
− | + | | }} | |
− | = | + | =Organoleptic Characteristics= |
+ | |||
+ | =Macroscopic Characteristics= | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | =Microscopic Characteristics= | ||
+ | {{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | ||
+ | | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com | ||
+ | | mainimage=Plantago_lanceolata_-_Alkemist_Laboratories.jpg | ||
+ | | caption1=Anomocytic stomate next to a diacytic stomate observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | ||
+ | | source2=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories | ||
+ | | companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg | ||
+ | | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com | ||
+ | | image2=Plantago_lanceolata-1_-_Alkemist_Laboratories.jpg | ||
+ | | caption2=Sheathed trichome observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution. | ||
+ | | reference=American Herbal Pharmacopoeia & Therapeutic Compendium | ||
+ | | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | =High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification= | ||
+ | {{HPTLC | source=HPTLC Association | ||
+ | | companyimage=HPTLC-assoc-Logo-farbig-Text-schwarz-300x47.png | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://www.hptlc-association.org/ | ||
+ | | mainimage=Plantago lanceolata-Chloramine - trichloroacetic acid, UV 366 nm-hptlc-association.png | ||
+ | | caption1=Ribwort plantain (leaf) HPTLC ID - Chloramine - trichloroacetic acid, UV 366 nm | ||
+ | | description=Ribwort plantain (leaf) (''Plantago lanceolata'') | ||
+ | | image2=Plantago lanceolata-Chloramine - trichloroacetic acid, white RT-hptlc-association.png | ||
+ | | caption2=Ribwort plantain(leaf) HPTLC ID - Chloramine - trichloroacetic acid, white RT | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | stationaryphase=Stationary phase, i.e. Silica gel 60, F254 | ||
+ | | mobilephase=Ethyl acetate, methanol, water 81:11:8 (v/v/v) | ||
+ | | prep=Sample: Mix 500 mg of powdered sample with 5 mL of methanol and sonicate for 10 minutes, then centrifuge or filter the solutions and use the supernatants / filtrates as test solutions. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Derivatization reagent: Chloramine - trichloroacetic acid reagent; Preparation: Solution A: Dissolve 300 mg of sodium-N-chloro-(4-methylbenzene) sulfonamide in 10 mL of water. Solution B: Dissolve 10 g of trichloroacetic acid in ethanol and fill up to a volume of 40 mL. Mix solution A and B and shake. Use: Dip (time 0, speed 5), heat at 100°C for 8 min. | ||
+ | | detection=Saturated chamber; developing distance 70 mm from lower edge; relative humidity 33% | ||
+ | | referencesamples=Reference: Dissolve 1 mg of aucubin in 10 mL of methanol. Dissolve 1 mg of acteoside (verbascoside) in 10 mL of methanol | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | lanes=Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample): | ||
+ | # 4 µl Ribwort plantain leaf 1 | ||
+ | # '''8 µl Ribwort plantain leaf 1''' | ||
+ | # 16 µl Ribwort plantain leaf 1 | ||
+ | # 4 µl Ribwort plantain leaf 1 (extracted by shaking) | ||
+ | # 8 µl Ribwort plantain leaf 1 (extracted by shaking) | ||
+ | # 16 µl Ribwort plantain leaf 1 (extracted by shaking) | ||
+ | # 5 µl Aucubin | ||
+ | # 10 µl Acteoside | ||
+ | # 4 µl Grecian foxglove leaf 1 | ||
+ | # 8 µl Grecian foxglove leaf 1 | ||
+ | # 16 µl Grecian foxglove leaf 1 | ||
+ | # 5 µl Grecian foxglove leaf 2 | ||
+ | # 5 µl Grecian foxglove leaf 3 | ||
+ | # 5 µl Grecian foxglove leaf 4 | ||
+ | # 10 µl Greater plantain leaf | ||
+ | |||
+ | | notes=''Images presented in this entry are examples and are not intended to be used as basis for setting specifications for quality control purposes.'' | ||
+ | |||
+ | System suitability test: Aucubin: black zone at Rf ~ 0.10 (white RT) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Identification: Compare result with reference images. The fingerprint of the test solution is similar to that of the corresponding botanical reference sample. Additional weak zones may be present. Under white RT the chromatogram of the test solution shows a black zone at Rf ~ 0.10 corresponding to aucubin; under UV 366 nm this zone appears brown (red arrows). Under UV 366 nm there is a blue zone at Rf ~ 0.35 and a red zone due to chlorophylls right below the solvent front. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Test for adulteration: Under UV 366 nm no brown zone is seen at Rf ~ 0.10; under white RT no black zone is seen at Rf ~ 0.10 (Grecian foxglove leaf, Greater plantain leaf). | ||
+ | |||
+ | | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | =Supplementary Information= | ||
{{Botanical | source=AHPA Known Adulterants | {{Botanical | source=AHPA Known Adulterants | ||
+ | | companyimage=AHPA Logo.gif | ||
+ | | companyURL=http://www.ahpa.org/ | ||
| description=Plantago (leaf) (''Plantago lanceolata'') | | description=Plantago (leaf) (''Plantago lanceolata'') | ||
| characteristics=AHPA recommends in its [http://www.ahpa.org/Default.aspx?tabid=223#section_known_adulterants Known Adulterants list] that appropriate steps be taken to assure that this raw material is free of the noted adulterant. [mailto:ahpa@ahpa.org Contact AHPA] for additional information regarding relevant analytical methods or follow [http://www.ahpa.org/Default.aspx?tabid=242 this link] for more information. | | characteristics=AHPA recommends in its [http://www.ahpa.org/Default.aspx?tabid=223#section_known_adulterants Known Adulterants list] that appropriate steps be taken to assure that this raw material is free of the noted adulterant. [mailto:ahpa@ahpa.org Contact AHPA] for additional information regarding relevant analytical methods or follow [http://www.ahpa.org/Default.aspx?tabid=242 this link] for more information. | ||
| adulterants=''Digitalis lanata'' leaf. | | adulterants=''Digitalis lanata'' leaf. | ||
}} | }} | ||
+ | =Sources= | ||
+ | <references /> |
Latest revision as of 21:01, 2 June 2014
Contents |
Nomenclature
Plantago lanceolata L. Plantaginaceae
Standardized common name (English): English plantain
Botanical Voucher Specimen
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|
|
Organoleptic Characteristics
Macroscopic Characteristics
Microscopic Characteristics
|
|
High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification
Ribwort plantain (leaf) (Plantago lanceolata) Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):
Reference Sample(s) Reference: Dissolve 1 mg of aucubin in 10 mL of methanol. Dissolve 1 mg of acteoside (verbascoside) in 10 mL of methanol Stationary Phase Stationary phase, i.e. Silica gel 60, F254 Mobile Phase Ethyl acetate, methanol, water 81:11:8 (v/v/v) Sample Preparation Method Sample: Mix 500 mg of powdered sample with 5 mL of methanol and sonicate for 10 minutes, then centrifuge or filter the solutions and use the supernatants / filtrates as test solutions. Derivatization reagent: Chloramine - trichloroacetic acid reagent; Preparation: Solution A: Dissolve 300 mg of sodium-N-chloro-(4-methylbenzene) sulfonamide in 10 mL of water. Solution B: Dissolve 10 g of trichloroacetic acid in ethanol and fill up to a volume of 40 mL. Mix solution A and B and shake. Use: Dip (time 0, speed 5), heat at 100°C for 8 min. Detection Method Saturated chamber; developing distance 70 mm from lower edge; relative humidity 33% Other Notes Images presented in this entry are examples and are not intended to be used as basis for setting specifications for quality control purposes. System suitability test: Aucubin: black zone at Rf ~ 0.10 (white RT) Identification: Compare result with reference images. The fingerprint of the test solution is similar to that of the corresponding botanical reference sample. Additional weak zones may be present. Under white RT the chromatogram of the test solution shows a black zone at Rf ~ 0.10 corresponding to aucubin; under UV 366 nm this zone appears brown (red arrows). Under UV 366 nm there is a blue zone at Rf ~ 0.35 and a red zone due to chlorophylls right below the solvent front. Test for adulteration: Under UV 366 nm no brown zone is seen at Rf ~ 0.10; under white RT no black zone is seen at Rf ~ 0.10 (Grecian foxglove leaf, Greater plantain leaf). Source: HPTLC Association [6] |
Supplementary Information
Plantago (leaf) (Plantago lanceolata)
General Characteristics AHPA recommends in its Known Adulterants list that appropriate steps be taken to assure that this raw material is free of the noted adulterant. Contact AHPA for additional information regarding relevant analytical methods or follow this link for more information.
Reported Adulterants Digitalis lanata leaf.
Source: AHPA Known Adulterants [7]
Sources
- ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100010935
- ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Botanical Voucher Specimen Library, Alkemists Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
- ↑ HPTLC Association http://www.hptlc-association.org/
- ↑ AHPA Known Adulterants http://www.ahpa.org/