Plantago ovata (seed husk)

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{{Request | source=Information Request
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Plantago ovata'' (seed husk) }} {{askbox|herb=''Plantago ovata''}}
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             | description=Psyllium (seed husk) (''Plantago ovata'')
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=Nomenclature=
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              }}
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{{nomenclature | binomial=Plantago ovata
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|authority=Forssk.
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|family=Plantaginaceae
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|scn=Indian plantain
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|syn=''Plantago ispaghula'' Roxb. ex Fleming
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|ayurvedic=
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|pinyin=
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|aka=blonde psyllium (seed); Indian psyllium; ispaghula (seed)
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|notes=The standard common name of the seed of P. ovata and other species of Plantago is psyllium. }}
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=Botanical Voucher Specimen=
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{{Media    |cat=Voucher
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            | source=MOBOT, Tropicos.org
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            | mainimage=Plantago_ovata_Tropicos_100186592_(S).jpg
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            | companyimage=TropicosLogo.gif
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            | companyURL=http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100186592
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            | reference=Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Mar 2014 <http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100186592>
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            | }}
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=Organoleptic Characteristics=
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{| border=1
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|
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{{Organolepsy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
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| description=No odor or taste.}}
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|}
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=Macroscopic Characteristics=
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{| border=1
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|
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{{Macroscopy | source=United States Dispensatory (1918)
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| description=''Plantago ovata'' ... is a herbaceous plant ... either erect or decumbent and varies in height from 2.5 cm. to 1 dm. The leaves are ovate and either glabrous or shaggy hairy. The flower spikes are either cylindrical or reduced to a globular head.
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Seeds boat-shaped, somewhat acute at one end, from two to three millimetres long and from one to one and a half millimetres wide; pale greyish-brown, with a darker elongated spot on the convex side; on the concave side the hilum covered with the remains of a thin white membrane. In water the testa swells, producing a viscous mucilage.}}
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{{ Media    | cat=Macroscopy
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            | source=PlantaPhile
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            | mainimage=PlantaPhile - 2605.jpg
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            | companyimage=PlantaPhile logo.jpg
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            | companyURL=http://plantaphile.com/
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            | }}
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|}
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=Microscopic Characteristics=
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{{Media2 |cat=Microscopy | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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            | companyimage= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com
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            | mainimage=Psyllium Husk.jpg
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            | caption1=Epidermal cells of the husks in surface view containing mucilage observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
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| source2=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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            | companyimage2= AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL2=http://www.alkemist.com
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            | image2=Psyllium Husk-1.jpg
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            | caption2=Parenchyma cells seen under polarized light observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
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            | characteristics=cellular structures identified in this botanical specimen are the epidermal cells of the husks in surface view containing mucilage and the parenchyma cells seen under polarized light when observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
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            | reference=British Pharmacopoeia, 2011
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            | }}
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=High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification=
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{{HPTLC | source=Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories
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             | description=Psyllium (husk) (''Plantago ovata'')
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            | companyimage=AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
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            | companyURL=http://www.alkemist.com
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            | mainimage=Plantago_ovata_husks_-_Alkemists_Laboratories.jpg
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            | caption1= ''Plantago ovata'' HPTLC ID - Vanillin/H2SO4 Reagent-> 110° C 5 min -> visible light
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            | stationaryphase=Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates
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            | mobilephase=ethyl acetate: glacial acetic acid: methanol: water [6/1.5/1.5/1]
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            | prep=0.3g+3mL 70% grain EtOH sonicate/heat @~50° C ~ 1/2 hr
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            | detection=Vanillin/H2SO4 Reagent-> 110° C 5 min -> visible light
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            | lanes= Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):
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# 3 μL Arabinose~0.1% in CH3OH
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# 3 μL ''Plantago ovata''-1 (husk)
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# 5 μL ''Plantago ovata''-1 (husk)
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# 4 μL ''Plantago ovata''-2 (husk)
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# 4 μL ''Plantago ovata''-2 (husk)
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# 5 μL ''Plantago ovata''-3 (husk)
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# 3 μL ''Plantago ovata''-3 (husk)
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# 3 μL Galactose~0.1% in CH3OH
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Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA.
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            | reference=Method Developed by Alkemists Laboratories
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            | }}
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=Supplementary Information=
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=Sources=
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<references />

Latest revision as of 15:38, 5 May 2015

AHPA recognizes other valuable resources exist regarding the identity of Plantago ovata.

To submit a suggestion or contribution, please contact Merle Zimmermann.

Contents

Nomenclature

Plantago ovata Forssk.   Plantaginaceae  
Syn. Plantago ispaghula Roxb. ex Fleming  
Standardized common name (English): Indian plantain

Botanical Voucher Specimen

bottomright

Plantago ovata Tropicos 100186592 (S).jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[1]

Organoleptic Characteristics

No odor or taste.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [2]

Macroscopic Characteristics

Plantago ovata ... is a herbaceous plant ... either erect or decumbent and varies in height from 2.5 cm. to 1 dm. The leaves are ovate and either glabrous or shaggy hairy. The flower spikes are either cylindrical or reduced to a globular head.

Seeds boat-shaped, somewhat acute at one end, from two to three millimetres long and from one to one and a half millimetres wide; pale greyish-brown, with a darker elongated spot on the convex side; on the concave side the hilum covered with the remains of a thin white membrane. In water the testa swells, producing a viscous mucilage.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [3]
bottomright

PlantaPhile - 2605.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[4]

Microscopic Characteristics

bottomright bottomright

Psyllium Husk.jpg
Epidermal cells of the husks in surface view containing mucilage observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[5]

Psyllium Husk-1.jpg
Parenchyma cells seen under polarized light observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[6]


High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

AP-LOGO-Laboratories Crop - Copy.jpg
(thumbnail)
Plantago ovata HPTLC ID - Vanillin/H2SO4 Reagent-> 110° C 5 min -> visible light

Psyllium (husk) (Plantago ovata)

Lane Assignments Lanes, from left to right (Track, Volume, Sample):

  1. 3 μL Arabinose~0.1% in CH3OH
  2. 3 μL Plantago ovata-1 (husk)
  3. 5 μL Plantago ovata-1 (husk)
  4. 4 μL Plantago ovata-2 (husk)
  5. 4 μL Plantago ovata-2 (husk)
  6. 5 μL Plantago ovata-3 (husk)
  7. 3 μL Plantago ovata-3 (husk)
  8. 3 μL Galactose~0.1% in CH3OH


Reference materials used here have been authenticated by macroscopic, microscopic &/or TLC studies according to the reference source cited below held at Alkemists Laboratories, Costa Mesa, CA. 

Stationary Phase Silica gel 60, F254, 10 x 10 cm HPTLC plates 

Mobile Phase ethyl acetate: glacial acetic acid: methanol: water [6/1.5/1.5/1] 

Sample Preparation Method 0.3g+3mL 70% grain EtOH sonicate/heat @~50° C ~ 1/2 hr 

Detection Method Vanillin/H2SO4 Reagent-> 110° C 5 min -> visible light 

Reference see Method Developed by Alkemists Laboratories


Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories [7]

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100186592
  2. ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
  3. ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
  4. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  5. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  6. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  7. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
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