Senna alexandrina (leaf)

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''Cassia angustifolia,'' as usually grown is annual, but with care it may be made to live through the year, and then assumes the character of an undershrub. It has an erect, smooth stem, and pinnate leaves, with from four to eight pairs of leaflets. These are nearly sessile, lanceolate, obscurely mucronate, oblique at the base, smooth above and somewhat downy beneath, with the veins turned inward so as to form a wavy line immediately within the edge of the leaflet. The most striking character of the leaflet is its length, which varies from 2 to 5 cm. The petioles are without glands; the stipules minute, spreading and semi-hastate. The flowers are bright yellow, and arranged in axillary and terminal racemes rather longer than the leaves. The legume is oblong, membranous, tapering abruptly at the base, rounded at the summit, and 4 to 5 cm. long by about 1.5 cm. broad. }}
 
''Cassia angustifolia,'' as usually grown is annual, but with care it may be made to live through the year, and then assumes the character of an undershrub. It has an erect, smooth stem, and pinnate leaves, with from four to eight pairs of leaflets. These are nearly sessile, lanceolate, obscurely mucronate, oblique at the base, smooth above and somewhat downy beneath, with the veins turned inward so as to form a wavy line immediately within the edge of the leaflet. The most striking character of the leaflet is its length, which varies from 2 to 5 cm. The petioles are without glands; the stipules minute, spreading and semi-hastate. The flowers are bright yellow, and arranged in axillary and terminal racemes rather longer than the leaves. The legume is oblong, membranous, tapering abruptly at the base, rounded at the summit, and 4 to 5 cm. long by about 1.5 cm. broad. }}
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Revision as of 18:14, 28 April 2015

AHPA recognizes other valuable resources exist regarding the identity of Senna alexandrina.

To submit a suggestion or contribution, please contact Merle Zimmermann.

Contents

Nomenclature

Senna alexandrina Mill.   Fabaceae  
Syn. Cassia acutifolia Delile; Cassia angustifolia Vahl; Cassia lanceolata Forssk.; Cassia senna L.; Senna acutifolia (Delile) Batka; Senna angustifolia (Vahl) Batka  
Standardized common name (English): senna  
Ayurvedic name(s): svarnapatri  
Pinyin name(s): xia ye fan xie; jian ye fan xie; fan xie ye (leaf)

Botanical Voucher Specimen

bottomright

Senna alexandrina Tropicos 100192283 (S).jpg
Source: MOBOT, Tropicos.org[1]


Organoleptic Characteristics

Macroscopic Characteristics

Cassia acutifolia is a small undershrub, two or three feet high, with a straight, woody, branching, whitish stem; but, according to Landerer, the senna plant attains the height of eight or ten feet in the African deserts. The leaves are alternate and pinnate, with glandless petioles, and two small narrow pointed stipules at the base. The leaflets, of which from four to six pairs belong to each leaf, are almost sessile, oval-lanceolate, acute, oblique at their base, nerved, from half an inch to an inch long, and of a yellowish-green color. The flowers are yellow, and in axillary spikes. The fruit is a flat, elliptical, obtuse, membranous, smooth, grayish-brown, bivalvular legume, about an inch long and half an inch broad, scarcely if at all curved, and divided into six or seven cells, each containing a hard, heart-shaped, ash-colored seed.

Cassia angustifolia, as usually grown is annual, but with care it may be made to live through the year, and then assumes the character of an undershrub. It has an erect, smooth stem, and pinnate leaves, with from four to eight pairs of leaflets. These are nearly sessile, lanceolate, obscurely mucronate, oblique at the base, smooth above and somewhat downy beneath, with the veins turned inward so as to form a wavy line immediately within the edge of the leaflet. The most striking character of the leaflet is its length, which varies from 2 to 5 cm. The petioles are without glands; the stipules minute, spreading and semi-hastate. The flowers are bright yellow, and arranged in axillary and terminal racemes rather longer than the leaves. The legume is oblong, membranous, tapering abruptly at the base, rounded at the summit, and 4 to 5 cm. long by about 1.5 cm. broad.

Source: United States Dispensatory (1918) [2]
bottomright bottomright bottomright

PlantaPhile - 567.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[3]

PlantaPhile - 1793.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[4]

PlantaPhile - 1820.jpg
Source: PlantaPhile[5]

Microscopic Characteristics

bottomright bottomright

Senna Leaf Alkemist Laboratories.jpg
Crystal bearing fiber showing prismatic crystals observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[6]

Senna Leaf-1 Alkemist Laboratories.jpg
Thick walled unicellular trichome from leaf epidermis observed at 400x with Acidified Chloral Hydrate Glycerol Solution.
Source: Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories[7]


High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic Identification

Supplementary Information

Sources

  1. ↑ MOBOT, Tropicos.org http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100192283
  2. ↑ United States Dispensatory (1918)
  3. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  4. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  5. ↑ PlantaPhile http://plantaphile.com/
  6. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
  7. ↑ Elan M. Sudberg, Alkemist Laboratories http://www.alkemist.com
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